House of Assembly: Vol1 - TUESDAY 25 MARCH 1924
VROUWEN KIESRECHT WETSONTWERP.
brought up the Report of the Select Committee on the Women’s Enfranchisement Bill.
Report and evidence to be printed; House to go into Committee on the Bill on 4th April.
KROONGRONDEN.
laid upon the Table—
Papers referred to the Select Committee on Crown Lands.
VRAGEN.
Vryheid Arbeidsdistrikt.
vroeg de Minister van Naturellezaken:
- (1) Of de Stadsraden van Paulpietersburg en Utrecht geraadpleegd werden omtrent (a) de insluiting van hun dorpsgronden in het Vrijheid Arbeidsdistrikt zoals geproklameerd onder Proklamatie No. 1 van 1924 en (b) de regulaties opgesteld onder Artikel 23 van de Naturellearbeid Regelings Wet (No. 15 van 1911) zoals gepubliceerd onder Goevernementskennisgeving No. 11 van 1924; en, indien niet, waarom niet;
- (2) of hij met het oog op het feit dat zekere lasten op municipaliteiten gelegd worden onder de Naturellen Stedelike Gebieden Wet (No. 21 van 1923) en dat zodanige municipaliteiten door regulaties beroofd worden van inkomsten die zij mochten verkrijgen onder Artikel 12 van genoemde Wet, de positie opnieuw in overweging wil nemen;
- (3) of het de gedragslijn van de Regering is om te handelen met alle stedelike gebieden waar mijnoperaties aan de gang zijn, onder Wet No. 15 van 1911 instede van Wet No. 21 van 1923; en
- (4) of hij de gedragslijn van de Regering wil uitleggen, zodat alle stedelike autoriteiten mogen weten onder welke Wet zij behandeld zullen worden?
Ek wil die edele lid vra om mij te vergun dat hierdie vraag overstaan.
Provinciale Raad Verkiezing te Beaufort West.
vroeg de Minister van Spoorwegen en Havens:
- (1) Of het een feit is dat de heer Percy Kieser, klerk in het kantoor van het Onderhouds Departement, en Sam Siyaya, schoonmaker, hoewel niet wettelik aangesteld als elektie agenten toch persoonlik op aktieve wijze de kandidatuur van de Zuidafrikaanse Partij kandidaat bij de verkiezing voor de Provinciale Raad te Beaufort West op 14 November 1923 steunden en bevorderden; indien zo,
- (2) of het spoorwegdienaren geoorloofd is persoonlik zodanig aktief deel aan zodanige verkiezingen te nemen; en indien niet.
- (3) welke stappen hij voornemens is te nemen dit in de toekomst te verhinderen?
- (1) Ik ben er niet bewust van dat zij zulks gedaan hebben. Kieser erkent dat hij kiezers, afgezien van partij, in zijn motorkar haar de stembus vervoerd heeft. Siyaya zegt dat hij eenvoudig niet-blanke kiezers geraden heeft naar de stembus te gaan om hun stem uit te brengen.
- (2) en (3) Het is spoorwegdienaren niet geoorloofd aktief deel te nemen aan een verkiezing, hetzij door in het publiek te spreken of te schrijven in verband met Parlementaire of Provinciale Raadsverkiezingen en andere werkzaamheden van politieke aard. Er is geen informatie om aan te tonen dat de regulaties geschonden werden in het geval onder bespreking.
Lokale Autoriteiten Leningsfonds.
vroeg de Minister van Financiën of hij van voornemen is nog deze sessie wetgeving in te dienen voor de daarstelling van een lokale autoriteiten leningsfonds?
Een Wetsontwerp wordt opgetrokken, doch ik kan niet zeggen of de indiening daarvan gedurende deze zitting van het Parlement mogelik zal zijn.
Verkrijging van Kroongrond.
vroeg de Minister van Landen of hij van voornemen is deze sessie nog wetgeving in te dienen om de verkrijging van Kroongronden bij wijze van prescriptie te voorkomen?
De zaak is onder behandeling geweest maar is nog niet finaal besloten.
Kleinvee Omgekomen wegens Droogte, 1922 en 1923.
vroeg de Minister van Landbouw hoeveel stuks kleinvee gedurende elk van de jaren 1922 en 1923 in de distrikten Britstown, Hopetown, Herbert, Hay, Prieska en Kenhardt, respektievelik, wegens droogte stierf?
Alleen samengevoegde cijfers van verliezen wegens ziekte en droogte zijn beschikbaar; ze zijn als volgt:
1922 |
1923. |
|
Britstown |
15,016 |
70,673 |
Hopetown |
27,923 |
59,122 |
Herbert |
7,332 |
35,788 |
Hay |
78,303 |
147,801 |
Prieska |
42,565 |
179,024 |
Kenhardt |
57,319 |
230,787 |
Produktie en Verbruik van Spiritus.
asked the Minister of Finance:
- (1) What quantity of methylated spirits was produced in each province for the years 1917 to 1923, inclusive;
- (2) whether it is being used in increasing quantities for potable purposes by the population, especially the coloured people, and whether any figures can be given to show the quantity so used;
- (3) whether the Government intends taking any steps to try and stop its being used by the population, and to limit its use to its legitimate purposes; and
- (4) whether it is practicable to add any other matter to methylated spirits to make it more unfit for human consumption?
Cape. |
Natal. |
|
(1) 1917 |
1,466 galls. |
227,582 galls. |
1918 |
nil. |
238,305 „ |
1919 |
nil. |
245,636 „ |
1920 |
250 galls. |
288,196 „ |
1921 |
157 „ |
300,913 „ |
1922 |
53,029 „ |
280,121 „ |
1923 |
51,731 „ |
326,982 „ |
- (2) Yes; but no figures are available.
- (3) Yes, and the introduction of legislation having this object, is now under consideration.
- (4) It is only possible to render methylated spirits more unfit for human consumption by the addition of a poison; but this is highly dangerous and would bring the spirit within the scope of the laws governing the sale of poisons, and would therefore seriously curtail its usefulness.
Vervolging onder Loterijwetten.
asked the Minister of Justice:
- (1) Whether the Minister is aware that a prosecution under the lottery laws was recently initiated against a certain individual in Durban who was conducting a competition, and that the whole of his undertaking was seized by the police and his business closed;
- (2) whether the Minister is aware that a nolle prosequi was entered by the Attorney-General, with a result that a legal business has been closed with great loss and misfortune to the individual who is remediless at law; and
- (3) whether the Minister will, without creating a precedent or admitting liability, consider the advisability of acceding to a request for some financial grant to recoup the individual in question?
- (1) The Attorney-General of Natal informs me that a preparatory examination was held against one John Gordon, of Durban, in May, 1923, on charges of fraud, theft and forgery, arising out of a certain guessing competition in connection with which the police had reasonable grounds for believing that fraud had been committed, in that amongst other matters prizes had been awarded, i.e., to a man who was found to have been drowned at Cape Town and to a man who could not be discovered to have ever existed, and that certain receipts produced toy Gordon were forged or fraudulent. The police seized and produced as exhibits in Court certain papers and account books relating to this competition. Gordon was committed for trial on the 8th June, 1923.
- (2) The Attorney-General informs me that he considered the evidence given at the preparatory examination, though it gave strong cause for suspicion, was inadequate to support a conviction, and that he therefore declined to prosecute. He further considered that the competition itself was only just outside the prohibition of the gambling laws in that an element of skill was present. The Attorney-General is further of opinion that no improper action was taken by the police or by the prosecutor.
- (3) The answer is in the negative.
Dienstverlating door Naturellebedienden.
asked the Minister of Justice:
- (1) Whether the Minister is aware that in suburban districts in Natal a master wishing to charge a native servant with desertion must personally visit the police camp, make a declaration, and then, having obtained a warrant, must proceed to a Justice of the Peace to have it signed, resulting in a great loss of time;
- (2) whether the Minister is aware that until a few years ago the practice was for the master to report in writing to the police, who arrested the native, the master then being called on to prove his case; and
- (3) whether, if the facts as stated are correct, any relief can be given?
I hope the hon. member will allow this question to stand over.
Bellair Spoorbrug.
asked the Minister of Railways and Harbours:
- (1) Whether the Minister is aware that the Bellair railway bridge crosses over the main road in such a way that the road is now one of the danger spots of the Province; and
- (2) whether the Minister is able to give any relief to the inhabitants of Bellair by way of deviation or otherwise?
The railway bridge at Bellair, which was erected in 1902, with the approval of the Public Works Department, is at the junction of two roads, and at an angle which prevents a clear view of approaching traffic. Suggestions have been made that the bridge should be widened, but it is not considered this would entirely remedy the position. It is difficult, therefore, to justify the heavy expenditure necessary to widen the span to 100 feet. It is understood the provincial authorities have under consideration the construction of a road on the south side of the line, which should have the effect of relieving the subway to some extent of through road traffic. It is considered that road traffic at this subway should slow down, as danger is incurred owing to the speed which motor vehicles approach the bridge.
Licentie voor Rondreizende Levensver-zekering Agenten.
asked the Minister of Finance:
- (1) Whether representations have been made to the Minister with regard to introducing a tax by way of annual licence upon travelling life insurance agents or canvassers, with a view to increasing the revenue; if so,
- (2) whether the Minister will say whether he intends to take action or not as a result of such representations?
- (1) Yes.
- (2) The proposal was considered when the Insurance Act, 1923, was under consideration, and it was then decided that it was not advisable to adopt the suggestion.
Publieke Gemakken op Durban Spoorweg Station.
asked the Minister of Railways and Harbours:
- (1) Whether the public conveniences at Durban railway station are close to the refreshment room;
- (2) whether this fact causes inconvenience and discomfort to the travelling public; and, if so,
- (3) whether the Minister will endeavour to rectify matters in the interests of travellers and of the public health?
- (1) and (2) The public conveniences, which are in proximity to the tea-room, have been in existence for approximately 25 years, but there is no record of any written complaint having been received from the travelling public.
- (3) The ventilation will be seen to and, while instructions have been given to see whether further improvements can be effected in the existing arrangements, I regret it will not be possible to provide new accommodation at the present time.
Werkuren van Spoorweg Kruiers te Durban.
asked the Minister of Railways and Harbours:
- (1) Whether the hours of porters at Durban railway station have been increased recently from nine to ten per day; and
- (2) whether porters, when the mail train is running late, are put off for an hour or more after working ten hours and then required to return later, thus depriving them of overtime for the time they are put off?
- (1) The hours of duty of porters at Durban have been ten per day since 12th September, 1921. There was an unauthorized departure from the fixed hours for a period, but this was put right as soon as the matter was brought to notice.
- (2) It is occasionally necessary to call upon porters who have completed their shift to return to duty for an hour or so when the mail train is running late to assist passengers, attend to baggage, etc. They receive overtime payment for such time. There is no justification for booking these men on in such cases until they are actually required.
Verschil van Omschrijving van “Private Maatschappij.”
asked the Minister of Finance whether, in view of the fact that the definition of a private company in the Companies Bill is not the same as that of a private company in the Income Tax Acts, the Minister will consider bringing the latter into harmony with the former?
It is not intended to amend the definition of Private Company in the Income Tax Act so as to bring it into harmony with the definition contained in the Companies Bill. The definition contained in the Bill will be found to be practically identical with the original definition as embodied in section 37 of the Income Tax Act, which was abandoned in the amending Act of 1921 as unsuitable for the purpose of that Act. That purpose was to avoid too great an alteration in the treatment for taxation of a business, merely because it had been incorporated as a company. But the wide margin of 50 members brought within that provision companies which had nothing in common with private businesses, and accordingly the amended definition was found to be necessary.
Onderzoek door Geneeskundig Bureau van Mijnwerkers.
asked the Minister of Mines and Industries:
- (1) What is the total number of miners who had previously worked underground upon the scheduled mines who have been refused a periodical examination by the Medical Bureau between the 1st August, 1919, and the 31st December, 1923, and between the 1st January and the 15th March, 1924, on the grounds that they have not worked underground for two years;
- (2) how many of these miners presented themselves for such examination within two years of the date upon which they obtained their previous periodical certificate;
- (3) what number afterwards underwent an initial examination;
- (4) what number were refused initial certificates; and
- (5) whether the Minister will quote the specific powers, if any, granted under the Miners’ Phthisis Act, 1919, or regulations, which enable the bureau to refuse a periodical examination to miners who have not worked underground for two years and who have obtained one or more periodical certificates during that period?
- (1) Between 1st August, 1919, and 31st December, 1923, 1,975. Between 1st January and 5th March, 1924, 130, making a total of 2,105. I may say that a large number of these men ceased mining many years ago, all, however, were eligible for examination for silicosis, and 83 were certified by the Miners’ Phthisis Bureau for compensation.
- (2) 343.
- (3) The entire 343.
- (4) 205, of whom 21 only were temporarily rejected.
- (5) Section 42 of Act No. 40 of 1919. This section applies to persons employed in underground work and not to men who have abandoned mining in favour of some other occupation, and it prescribes a period of two years’ unemployment in mining as the time after which a miner ceases to be eligible for periodical examination. It was not intended that a miner, who had once undergone a periodical examination, should be at liberty for an indefinite period to follow other occupations, and at the same time be entitled to share with the genuine miners the special periodical examinations provided for the latter. The maximum period of permission of absence from underground work without loss of status has varied under the different Acts from six months to four years, and under the Act now in force is two years.
Vernieuwing van Huurgelden Wet.
asked the Minister of Justice what is the intention of the Government in regard to the renewal of the Rents Act?
The matter is under consideration. A statement as to the Government’s intentions will be made in the course of the next few weeks.
Ontvangsten en Uitgaven van Noord- en Zuidkust Lijnen.
asked the Minister of Railways and Harbours:
- (1) Whether the Minister can inform the House why the earning and expenditure of the North and South Coast lines of Natal are not published with those of the other branch lines; and
- (2) whether he will give these returns for the past twelve months and in future publish them regularly?
- (1) In view of the cost involved, branch line statistics are only taken out in regard to those lines in respect of which experience has shown there is likely to be a deficit in excess of £6,000 per annum.
- (2) The information in respect of the past 12 months is not readily available for the North and South Coast lines. To take out the particulars would involve expenditure which the Administration is not prepared to incur at the present time.
Tussenverslag van Ko-operatieve Komitee, Beesteboeren Konferentie, 1923.
vroeg de Minister van Landbouw of hij het tussenverslag van het Ko-operatieve Komitee, gekozen door de Beesteboeren Konferentie, te Pretoria op 24 en 25 Augustus 1923 gehouden, overwogen heeft en of hij voornemens is stappen te nemen met betrekking tot het verslag?
Het rapport werd op de Tafel van het Huis gelegd ter publieke informatie en aangaande het voornaamste voorstel, het vormen van een ko-operatieve vereniging langs de lijnen van de gewezen Vlees Produceerders Beurs, is de Regering niet voornemens verdere stappen te nemen totdat de beesteboeren hun zienswijzen daaromtrent geuit hebben. Van de overige twee wenken was voor een daarvan reeds voorziening gemaakt toen het rapport ontvangen werd, en de andere is overeenkomstig de mening door mij geuit by verscheiden gelegenheden in het afgelopen jaar of meer, en wordt nu in ernstige overweging genomen in verband met mogelike wetgeving.
Afschaffing van Rang van Onder-Ploegbaas.
vroeg de Minister van Spoorwegen en Havens:
- (1) Of het waar is dat, als gevolg van de afschaffing van de rang van onder-ploegbaas mannen die tot hiertoe zulke betrekkingen bekleedden tans in rang verlaagd zijn van 6s. of 7s. tot 3s. 6d. per dag, met de rang van arbeider, en nog verplicht zijn hetzelfde toezichtswerk te doen dat tot dusver het werk was van onder-ploegbazen om langs de baan te lopen en te onderzoeken, en gedeeltelik verantwoordelik gemaakt werden voor het toezicht houden over ploegen van de bereden weg;
- (2) of het waar is dat die verlaging van rang algemeen is; en
- (3) of het een feit is dat W. Petersen, te Sebele Siding, Bechuanaland Protektoraat gestationeerd, in rang verlaagd is op de wijze vermeld en toch de hogere plichten van zijn vroegere betrekking te vervullen heeft?
I shall be glad if the hon. member will allow this question to stand over.
Afbraak van Hutten te Fort Napier.
asked the Minister of Defence:
- (1) Whether, as a result of the inspection recently made by Defence Force officers at Fort Napier, Natal, it has been decided to demolish certain of the wood and iron hutments situated in the camp; and, if so,
- (2) what provision will be made to prevent undue suffering being inflicted on families at present residing therein, at a time when it is not possible to find suitable housing accommodation elsewhere?
- (1) Yes. It is endowment property, and the policy of the Department is to dispose of the wood and iron hutments not at present required for military purposes, provided a reasonable offer is received, in the same way as buildings have been disposed of in other cantonments.
- (2) Yes. The Department will certainly do everything in its power to prevent the infliction of undue hardships on families at present residing in such buildings.
Patata Kevers.
vroeg de Minister van Landbouw:
- (1) Of hij weet van de verklaring gemaakt in het Landbouw Joernaal van Januarie 1924, dat de patata kevers (“sweet potato weevils”) gevonden zijn op Dunn’s Reserve, Zululand;
- (2) of de kever al in andere delen van het land zijn verschijning gemaakt heeft;
- (3) wat wordt door zijn departement gedaan om ze uit te roeien; en
- (4) doet de Minister alles in zijn vermogen om te beletten dat de pest overgedragen zal worden naar de zuidwestelike distrikten waar er duizenden mensen zijn die hun levensbestaan vinden door het groeien van patatas?
De kever werd, alleen op de Natalse kust ontdekt. De zaak wordt nog onderzocht, doch vroegere bezorgheid is veel verminderd. Overtuigend bewijs is verkregen dat het insekt al meer dan een kwart eeuw nabij Durban geweest is en gewoonlik een patataplaag van minder belang is langs de Natalse kust. Men is derhalve niet voornemens op het ogenblik speciale maatregelen te nemen.
Surplus van Mielies in de Unie.
vroeg de Minister van Landbouw:
- (1) Of zijn aandacht bepaald is bij een verklaring gezegd te komen van de Direkteur van Census, en verklarende dat er nog een surplus van drie miljoen zakken mielies in de Unie is;
- (2) of hij weet dat die verklaring een zeer nadelige invloed gehad heeft op de mieliemarkt, waardoor de prijs van mielies daalde van 20s. tot 12s.; en
- (3) of hij het Huis wil mededelen of de verklaring juist is en of hij werkelik van de Direkteur van Census afkomstig is; en indien niet welke stappen de Regering neemt om de paniek op de mieliemarkt te keren?
Ek sou gaarne sien dat die edele lid vergun dat hierdie vraag oorstaan.
Afbranding van Woonhuis.
vroeg de Minister van Volksgezondheid:
- (1) Of het hem bekend is dat er een huis afgebrand is van Cornelius Knoetze op de plaats Melkhoutkraal in het distrikt Riversdal op bevel van de Regering omdat gezegde Knoetze aan tering stierf; indien ja,
- (2) gaat de Regering de waarde van het huisraad aan de erfgenamen uitbetalen; en, indien het antwoord op (1) ontkennend is,
- (3) op de instrukties van wie werd het huis afgebrand?
- (1) Neen.
- (2) Neen.
- (3) Op instrukties van de eksekuteur van de boedel van de overledene.
Proklamatie van Klipkuil Alluviale Delverijen.
vroeg de Minister van Mijnwezen en Nijverheid:
- (1) Of het een feit is (a) dat de plaats Klipkuil, Wolmaransstad distrikt, behoorlik werd geprospekteerd voor alluviale diamanten en (b) dat betaalbare diamanten gevonden zijn;
- (2) of het Delvers Komitee, de Alluviale Raad van Beheer en de Mijnkommissaris het proklameren van gemelde plaats Klipkuil hebben aanbevolen; en
- (3) wat de reden is dat de Minister weigert om deze plaats als een alluviale delverij te proklameren?
- (1) (a) Neen. Het enige prospekteren hetwelk plaats gevonden heeft op de plaats Klipkuil, zover ik kan vernemen, werd uitgevoerdl door de zoon van de eigenaar en zonder het konsent van de eigenaar en was van een eenzijdige aard. (b) Er bestaat geen bewijs dat diamanten in betaalbare hoeveelheden gevonden zijn en volgens ik versta, zijn slechts vijf stenen zover geregistreerd.
- (2) Het antwoord is bevestigend.
- (3) Mijn redenen voor het niet proklameren van de plaats zijn die welke ik bovenvermeld heb. Een eigenaar is gerechtigd te weigeren om zijn plaats te laten prospekteren en zo lang hij zulks doet wordt hij door de Wet beschermd tegen proklamatie. In dit geval ben ik tevreden dat de geringe hoeveelheid prospekteren, die plaats gevonden heeft, uitgevoerd werd tegen de wens van de eigenaar en de eigenaarsrechten in zulk geval, beschouw ik, behoren beschermd te worden.
Spoorweg Ongeluk te Graaff-Reinet.
vroeg de Minister van Spoorwegen en Havens:
- (1) Of hij ervan overtuigd is dat het Graaff-Reinet spoorwegongeluk niet te wijten was aan de gebroken spoorstaaf of spoorstaven die in die toestand na het ongeluk gevonden werden;
- (2) of hij weet dat binnen de laatste twaalf maanden twee gevallen van gebroken spoorstaven gerapporteerd zijn op de Rosmead—Graaff-Reinet afdeling en een ander op de Rosmead—Stormberg afdeling;
- (3) of hij weet dat toen te Port Elizabeth onderzoek werd gedaan in het Graaff-Reinet ongeluk, n.l. 29 Februarie 1.1., een gebroken spoorstaaf werd ontdekt en daarvan rapport werd gedaan door een machinist die die dag over die afdeling reed;
- (4) hoeveel gevallen van gebroken spoorstavenop de Rosmead—Graaff-Reinet afdeling; binnen de laatste twaalf maanden gerapporteerd zijn;
- (5) zijn bereden weg onderhoudskosten op de Rosmead—Graaff-Reinet afdeling gedurende de laatste twee jaren aanmerkelik verminderd door: (a) het afschaffen van de onder of assistent ploegbaas, waardoor inspektie van de baan toevertrouwd wordt aan betrekkelik onervaren arbeiders; (b) het langer maken van het baanvak waarvoor iedere ploegbaas of ploeg verantwoordelik is; en (c) vermindering van het aantal mannen in iedere ploeg;
- (6) of het ontdekken van gebroken spoorstaven en dergelijke gebreken niet veel moeiliker gemaakt wordt door bovengenoemde verminderingen in uitgaven;
- (7) of hij ervan overtuigd is dat deze bezuiniging op uitgaven voor bereden weg de veiligheid van het reizend publiek niet in de waagschaal stelt; en
- (8) welke stappen de Spoorweg Administratie neemt met het oog op het feit dat de Staatsprokureur geweigerd heeft machinist Fincham te vervolgen, waardoor hij vrijgesproken is van de beschuldiging van kriminele buitensporige snelheid, om hen die verantwoordelijk zijn voor het behoorlik onderhoud van de bereden weg op hun grote verantwoordelikheid te wijzen?
I shall be glad if the hon. member will allow this question to stand over.
Verlammende Bosluis.
The MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE replied to Question IX, by Mr. I. P. van Heerden (Cradock), standing over from 21st March.
Wat de uitslag is van de proefnemingen in verband met de verlammende bosluis en of de Regering voornemens is maatregels te nemen tot bestrijding van die plaag?
De verlammende bosluis, Ixodes pilosus, is bekend en heinde en ver verspreid over geheel de oostelike distrikten van de Kaap Provincie. Ze komt ook voor in andere delen van de Provincie, in de Oranje Vrijstaat en in Natal. In het Graaff-Reinet distrikt schijnt de luis alleen in het hogeveld te zijn en is aldaar slechts gedurende de wintermaanden aanwezig. Het werd derhalve aan de hand gegeven dat boeren in dat distrikt hun vee in het lageveld moieten houden gedurende de wintermaanden, zegge, van Mei tot Augustus, en de dieren gedurende de overige maanden van het jaar op bergen laten weiden. In het Graaff-Reinet distrikt schijnen de volgroeide luizen alleen parasities te zijn op de huisdieren (insluitende honden) en een paar wilde dieren, zoals jakhalzen en wilde bokken; deze laatstgenoemde zijn feitelik uitgeroeid. Het verwijderen van alle vee van het hogeveld gedurende de wintermaanden behoort dus als gevolg te hebben een aanzienlike vermindering in het aantal en de eindelike uitroeiing van de verlammende bosluis. De bosluizen in de vroegere ontwikkelende stadiums, larvae en nymphae, leven bijna uitsluitend op de berghaas. Uitroeiïng van dit dier door vergiftiging of anderszins behoort een merkwaardig gevolg te hebben op het aantal bosluizen. De volgroeide bosluizen kleven aan zekere bepaalde delen van de lichamen van hun gastdieren, en kunnen gemakkelik vernietigd worden, hetzij door handwassen met, zegge, paraffin (een middel groteliks aangewend in de oostelike Kaap Provincie), of door de dieren te dippen met geregelde tussenpozen. Een dipping eens in de 14 dagen in een gewone arsenikum oplossing van zeven dagen sterkte behoort voldoende te zijn. Aanbevelingen zijn gedaan aan boeren en men is voornemens de informatie omtrent het onderwerp op een vroege datum te publiceren.
Mr. Speaker, ontstaande uit die vraag; ons weet dat die ondersoek ingestel is, maar ons wil weet wat die uitslag van die proefneming was met betrekking tot die verlammende bosluis. Die resultaat wat daar voorgelees is, weet ons reeds, maar wat sal verder gedaan word?
This is the result of the investigations that have been taking place. In fact this report has come from Onderstepoort, from Dr. du Toit and his staff, who have gone into the matter.
Bestellingen voor Spoorweg Benodigdheden.
The MINISTER OF RAILWAYS AND HARBOURS replied to Question XV, by Mr. Nathan (Von Brandis) standing over from 21st March.
- (1) Whether, in view of the decision of the General Manager of Railways and Harbours to publish weekly in the Govern ment Gazette the particulars of indents for supplies which are in course of transmission to the High Commissioner in London, in order to enable merchants in the Union to tender for such supplies, and in view also of the statement that tender forms, specifications, etc., are obtainable from the High Commissioner only, he is aware that this latter condition will make it very difficult, if not practically impossible, for local merchants to tender for such supplies; and
- (2) whether he will give instructions that any further information and particulars required, and that tender forms and specifications, etc., shall be available within the Union?
The practice followed by the Administration is to obtain its general requirements through South African merchants. The material indented for from overseas comprises “railway specialities” such as locomotives, carriages, wagons, permanent way material, heavy machinery and such like. When the Administration enters the market for material from overseas the High Commissioner in London arranges for the printing of the requisite number of copies of documents for the particular material required. A specification for a locomotive may involve up to a hundred drawings. To arrange for the printing in South Africa as well as in London would involve expenditure which would not be justified, while to send out tender forms, specifications, etc., to South Africa would not serve any useful purpose and only entail delay, as agents are not generally in a position to discuss details. Although the standards for rolling stock, permanent way material and other heavy requirements are laid down by the Administration, manufacturers offer variations from such standards, details of which can best be dealt with on the spot by the High Commissioner and the Administration’s Advisory Engineer attached to the High Commissioner’s office. The information now published in the Government Gazette of indents transmitted to the High Commissioner enables South African merchants to advise their principals of the Administration’s requirements.
Mr. Speaker, ontstaande uit daardie antwoord wens ek te vraag of die Regering nie behoor in oorweging te neem die noodsaaklikheid om te bepaal, dat wanneer persone of maatskappye wens te tender in gevalle waar miljoene ponde mee gemoeid is, hulle hierheen sal kom en die dinge wat nodig is hier inspekteer en dat dit hier verkry sal word, indien molik.
Yes, whenever there is a possibility of getting material cut here, of course, we call for tenders locally, but there are such things as engines, which it is impossible to get here, as the hon. member knows.
I would like to draw the attention of the House and of the Minister—
No, the hon. member cannot make a statement; he can only ask a question of the Minister.
Arising out of the answer just given by the Minister, I would like to ask him whether he is aware that other departments are adopting the same line as his, viz., that department controlled by Mr. Wilkie, Government buyer, who in the Gazette of the 21st inst. asks for tenders for formalin, etc., and in the advertisement likewise sets forth that tender forms are only available in the High Commissioner’s office?
PETITIE F. J. BOURNE.
Met verlof van die- Huis wens ek voor te stel, als onbestrede mosie—
seconded.
Met toestemming van die Huis wens ek die amendement, in my naam staande, en betrekking hebbende op die voorstel van die edele lid vir Kroonstad (de hr. Werth) voor te stel, namelik—
seconded.
Agreed to.
Motion, as amended, put and agreed to, viz.—
PETITIE MARIA M. KRUGER EN ANDEREN.
Ek het die betrokke Minister gesien en met sy goedvinde stel ik voor as onbetrede mosie—
seconded.
Ek het geen objeksie, dat dit na die Regering verwys word nie, maar dit sluit twee belangryke sake in en ek wil nie die indruk gee, dat verwysing na die Regering ’n aanduiding is van wat die uitwerking sal wees nie.
Motion put and agreed to.
INTREKKING EN VERMINDERING VAN OORLOGS SPECIALE PENSIOENEN.
Ek wil net wys op die skandelike manier, waarop pensioene gekanseleer is. Dit laat my denk aan die tyd toe ons kinders was en daar word gespeel met albasters of iets anders; as een by die begin die ander iets gee, en hulle kry later rusie, dan gaat die sterkste daarmee heen en dan roep die andereen hom agterna: “Eers gegee en weer geneem is erger as ’n dief gesteel Die handelwyse van die edelagbare die Minister in verband met pensioene, wat op regmatige manier gegee was en toe weer afgeneem op ’n wyse, wat ek sal aantoon, laat denk aan daardie gesegde, asook die onbillike dinge welke die edelagbare Minister nog meer gedaan het. Toe die groot wereldoorlog aan die gang was, en daar groot entoesiasme geheers het, en die mense blomme voor die bors gesteek werd en op die skouer geklop, toe werd geseg, as jy iets oorkom, sal ons sorg vir die agterblywende en as jy beseerd word, sal jy vergoeding kry. Die Wet van 1916 was die eerste pensioenwet, maar werd elke jaar gewysig en in 1919 werd op voorstel van die edele lid vir Boshof (de hr. C. A. van Niekerk) die bepaling daarin opgeneem, dat ook pensioen gegee sou word aan die burgers van die Vrystaat en Transvaal en aan die burgers, wat gedurende die driejarige oorlog gewond werd. Dit werd deur beide kante van die Huis eenpariglik aangeneem en ons het gemeen, dat in die saak eerlik sou gehandel word en dat die mense hulle pensioen sou behou. Nadat die Wet gepasseer was, is deur die Regering ’n kommissie aangestel om deur die land te gaan, en te sien wié tot pensioen geregtig was. Die kommissie was beter bekend onder die naam Van die Viljoen Kommissie. By die eerste Kommissie was ’n dokter Wassenaar; hulle het die land deurgereis, die mense voor hulle het kom en die werd behoorlik ge-eksamineer en daarna is bepaal wat die pensioen sal wees vir wonde en beserings of siekte, welke hulle gedurende die oorlog opgedaan had. Die kommissie het die uitslag gegee en die mense het pensioen ontvang en hoewel dieselwe nie te vergelyke was met die van die mense uit die groot wereldoorlog nie, het hulle stilgebly en hulle onderwerp, dankbaar om iets te kry. Later vind óns uit dat die edelagbare die Minister ’n nuwe skema in die lewe gaat roep en daardie mense, wat eenmaal baie geprys werd moes in die meeste gevalle die pensioen, wat eers aan hulle gegee was afgee. Die edelagbare die Minister het op ’n betreffende vraag geantwoord, dat net waar hulle uitvind, dat mense bedrog gepleeg had, word die pensioen ontneem; daar was mense, wat onder valse voorwendsels pensioen gekry had, en slegs die gevalle sou ondersoek word en desnoods die pensioen afgeneem word. Niemand sal daarteen ooit objeksie maak nie, dat die sodanige die pensioen afgeneem word en selfs deur die howe gestraf, soas gebeur is in vele gevalle. Maar nadat die Parlement verdaag was, vind ons uit, dat die edelagbare die Minister ’n ander kommissie aangestel had, wat daardie mense aanskryf om voor hulle te verskyn, om te ondersoek of die gegewe pensioen nie te hoog of ongeregvaardigd was nie. Waarom het die edelagbare die Minister ons nie geseg, dat hy denk, dat die pensioene te hoog was nie. Juis om die versekering, dat net in gevalle van bedrog ondersoek ingesteld sou word, het ons niks geseg nie. Maar hy het ’n kommissie aangestel om die mense voor hulle te laat kom en hulle had ’n eentalige dokter, altans hy wou nie tweetalig wees nie. As iemand voor hom kom, seg hy: “Steek uit jou tong” en daarna word dan blykbaar beoordeel of die persoon tot pensioen geregtig is en so ja tot hoeveel. Daar werd geen behoorlike ondersoek gedaan nie. Dit is een van die skandelikste dinge, wat nog voorgekom het. Die edelagibare die Eerste Minister twyfel, maar dit kan bewys word. Wat is die gevolg? ’n Week of veertien dage na die kastige ondersoek kry hulle ’n brief, dat die pensioen afgeneem is, of met die helfte verminderd. Nou wil ek weet, dat as die dokter geen behoorlike ondersoek ingestel het nie, hoe was die kommissie instaat om te beoordeel hoeveel pensioen iemand toe geregtig was? Ek denk dat die besluit van die edelagbare die Minister baie onbillik was teenoor die mense uit die driejarige en vorige Suidafrikaanse oorloge. Vele van hulle het ’n baie hoge ouderdom bereik, vele was arm en waa.r daar geen ander ondersteuning verkry werd nie, het die kleine pensioen baie mense gehelp. Maar as die Minister nou die pensioen afneem, is dit baie onbillik en hard teenover baie van daardie mense. Die edele lid vir Middelburg (de hr. Heyns) verseker my, dat b.v. seker buurman van hom, wat deur die heupe geskiet was, die pensioen afgeneem werd en waarom? Omdat die kommissie tot die ontdekking gekom was, dat die man vrywillig oorlog toe gegaan het in die driejarige oorlog. Dus omdat die man nie gewag het tot hy gekommandeer word nie, maar vrywillig sy plig doen, daarom word hom sy pensioen afgeneem. Dit is skandelik en ek vertrou, dat dit ondersoek sal word. Daar is verskillende gevalle, wat ek voor die aandag van die Huis sou kan breng, maar dit is vireers genoeg. Die edele lid vir Winburg (de hr. Wilcocks) vertel ’n geval van ’n man wat ’n sertifikaat van die dokter het dat sy wond hom geregtig op pensioen, en hy is dus geregtig tot pensioen, maar nietteenstaande dit word dit afgeneem. Dan het ek hier, b.v., ’n brief van die Boere Oorlog Pensioen Agentskap. Ons het hier die geval, dat amptenare wat werksaam gewees het in die edelagbare die Minister se departement, en wat dus moet weet wat binne in die kantore omgaat, die pensioen agentskap vorm. Hulle het die name en addresse van die mense aan wie pensioene geweier is, in hande gekry en dit is wat hulle skrywe in die saak—
Dan wil ek verder die poskaart voorlees in verband met die selfde saak, wat ek hier voor my het—
As ’n mens hierdie brief en die poskaart lees, dan laat dit jou baie dink aan wat so dikwels gebeur, dat op bedriegelike manier of deur boereverneukery, sekere agente probeer om iets uit mense uit te maak. Ek hoop die edelagbare die Minister sal die saak ondersoek en nagaan wat die praktyke van die mense is wat uit die departement ontslaan is. Ek het hier verder ’n geval van Mnr. Steenkamp, P. K. Secunusa, aan wie pensioen toegekend is, omdat sy arm in stukke geskiet is en dit is wat die departement aan hom skrywe—
En daar is nie één geval van die aard, maar honderde van die gevalle. Daar is, b.v., die geval van Kommandant Rensburg van Wolmaransstad, wat ek persoonlik ken. Hy is deur die bors bokant van sy hart geskiet. Die eerste kommissie het pensioen aan hom toegeken, maar daardie twede kommissie kom en neem die pensioen heeltemaal af. Om welke rede? Ek het hier verder die geval van Mnr. L. P. S. A. Pretorius, ’n man wat deur die eerste kommissie geregtig verklaar is op pensioen, maar die twede kommissie het die pensioen weggeneem. Maar die opmerklikste is, dat na die laaste kommissie sekere pensioene afgeneem is en na vertoge deur edele lede of deur die invloed van hierdie mosie, het die Regering heengegaan en sonder verder ondersoek, weer sekere pensioene toegeken en uitbetaal. Ek wil net die geval aanhaal van Kommandant Potgieter in Krugersdorp, wat nie weer ondersoek is nie, maar wie se geval onder die aandag van die edelagbare die Minister gebring is, en wat nou weer sy pensioen geniet. Wat is die rede dat wanneer die gevalle onder die aandag van die edelagbare die Minister gebring word, dat dan die pensioene weer betaal word? In die geval van Kapitein Slegkamp wat aan my geskrywe het, dat die pensioen kommissie sy pensioen heeltemaal afgeneem het, is soos hy nou aan my skrywe weer twee derde aan hom toegestaan. Ons sien dat dit gebeur in elke geval, na die sake voor die edelagbare die Minister gebring is. Terwyl hulle skuil agter die Raad van Ondersoek, is tog pensioene toegestaan, sonder dat daar weer ’n herondersoek het plaas gevind. Dus moet daar iets verkeerd wees met die kommissie. Die twede kommissie skyn aangestel te wees om besuiniging te kry, dit skyn die doel van die edelagbare die Minister te wees, maar die manier waarop te werk ge gaan is teenoor die manne, wat helde gewees het vir ons land en volk, is heeltemaal verkeerd. Die mense het hulle lewe veil gehad vir die land en die mense word op skandelike wyse behandel. Ons het hier geval van Bulhoek. Daar is ’n sekere Dunn. Hy het vyf asgaai steke gekry in die geveg, en wat was sy beloning? Na hy die vyf asgaai steke gekry het is hy vir siek verklaar en sonder pensioen uit die diens ontslaan. Ek dink dis ’n onmoontlike toestand en ek hoop dat die Raad sal toestem dat daar ’n kommissie aangestel word om agter die waarheid te kom. Laat ek het aanhaal wat die Ouditeur-Generaal sê in sy laaste rapport. Daar is 530 gevalle, waar pensioene goedgekeur is, sonder of met die Raad, die Raad van Ondersoek, in 60 gevalle is die pensioene vermeerder, in 194 gevalle verminder en in nie minder as 1,164 gevalle nie, is die pensioene gekanseleer. 2,436 gevalle word nog ondersoek. 1,164 is gekanseleer. Wil die edelagbare die Minister van Finansies vir my vandag sê dat daardie 1,164 gevalle allemaal gevalle van bedrog is? Nee, hy kan dit nie doen nie. Laat ons ’n kommissie aanstel, om die saak te ondersoek. As die mense bedrog gepleeg het, dan moet die mense gestraf word. Ek het reeds omtrent ses weke gelede aan die edelagbare die Minister gevra om ’n lys op die Tafel te lê van pensioene wat afgeneem is, wat verminder is, wat gekanseleer is en wat vermeerder is. Die edelagbare die Minister het belowe om dit te doen, maar nietteenstaande die mosie al die tyd op papier gewees het, het hy tot hiertoe nog nie die lys op die Tafel gelê nie, sodat lede informasie kan kry. Die Ouditeur-Generaal sê in sy rapport, dat laaste jaar die pensioene verminder is met £47,425, maar as ons die Begroting nagaan van die jaar daarvóór, dan sien ons, dat daardie bedrag vir oorlogspensioene verminder is met £204,000, en hierdie jaar met £127,000. Die mense wat geveg het vir die bestaaan van klein nasies en volke moet nie so behandel word nie, dat hulle pensioene afgeneem word nie. Ek hoop, dat die Huis hierdie kwessie vanmiddag in overweging sal neem en ons sal help om ’n ondersoek in die saak in te stel, sodat die Huis op hoogte van sake sal kom. Ek sê, dat hierdie Huis die saak nie so verby mag laat gaan nie. Dis die plig van die Huis, wanneer daar pensioene word toegeken aan mense wat hullelewe gewaag het vir die land en wat stuk geskiet is, dat hulle reg aangedoen word. Oorloë sal ook in die toekoms nie vermy kan word nie. Ons hoor baie van vrede op aarde, maar ons sien die vrede nog nie en as mense op die manier behandel word, dan sal burgers van die land huiwerig word om weer vir hulle land op te kom, want hulle weet nie wat hulle lot gaan wees nie. As hulle die geweer opneem, dan word hulle helde genoem, maar later word hulle aan hulleself oorgelaat en moet honger en gebrek ly. Dis ’n skande. Ek sal kort wees, omdat ek baie jammer sou voel, as hierdie Huis vanmiddag die mosie sou gaandoodpraat, maar ek wil ’n beroep doen op edele lede van die Huis. Ek sien die edele lid vir Bethal (Lt.-Kol. H. S. Grobler) kyk na my, ek hoop hy sal my help, hy weet ook van sulke gevalle as wat ek het genoem en ek hoop, dat die edele lid vir Ventersdorp (Lt.-Kol. B. I. J. van Heerden) en andere edele lede my ook sal help, om die mosie deur die Huis te kry, sodat ’n ondersoek ingestel word. Selfs die edelagbare die Minister van Finansies wat vir niks wyk nie, wat nie bang is vir ’n sinkende skip nie, ek hoop dat hy ook die mosie sal aanneem om te sien dat reg gedoen word. Ek stel dus die mosie wat in my naam staan voor, namelik—
Ek sekondeer. Ek vertrou dat die edelagbare die Minister die voorstel van die edele lid vir Wolmaransstad (Gen. Kemp) sal aanneem om ’n Kommissie van Ondersoek in te stel. Die edelagbare die Minister is dit verskuldig aan die Huis, en ook aan homself, want of die twede kommissie wat die Regering nou weer aangestel het en wat op so gruwelike wyse die pensioene van die wat swaar gely het wegneem of verminder, het gehandel in stryd met die wense en instruksies van die edelagbare die Minister of die edelagbare die Minister het ons verlede jaar ’n antwoord gegee wat nie anders bedoel kan wees as om te mislei nie. Op ’n vraag van die edele lid vir Fauresmith (de hr. Havenga) omtrent die gevalle waar die pensioene weggeneem is en waaromtrent ons briewe gekry het, het die edelagbare die Minister geantwoord dat die pensioene alleen weggeneem is in gevalle waar mense bedrog gepleeg het. Daarop het ek die edelagbare die Minister gevra of dit alleen gebeur in gevalle van bedrog en in geen andere gevalle nie, en sy antwoord was “ja.” Verder het ek toe gevra wat plaas vind in gevalle waar foute gemaak word. Die edelagbare die Minister het gesê dat in die gevalle waar foute gemaak is, hy bereid is weer ’n ondersoek in te stel. Ek kom terug in my distrik en in andere distrikte het dit ook geblyk dat die pensioene voor die voet weggeneem of verminder is sonder dat daar kwessie van bedrog is en sonder voldoende rede. En nou het ek twee punte waarop ek graag wil wys. Die eerste kommissie van ondersoek het, meen ek, bestaan uit twee dokters en Gen. Piet Viljoen. As ons nou sien wat plaas vind en wat gedoen word deur die twede kommissie, dan sou dit lyk asof die eerste kommissie die werk baie slordig gedoen het. Maar ek glo nie dat hier edele lede in die Huis is wat wil sê dat Gen. Piet Viljoen moedwillig slordige werk gedoen het en pensioene toegeken het aan persone wat nie geregtig daarop was nie. Ek praat nie van gevalle van bedrog, want teen bedrog is niemand bestand nie. Die twede punt is, dat ek daarop wil wys dat die pensioene weggeneem of verminder is en dat as rede aangegee word dat persone so herstel is van hulle wonde dat hulle nie die pensioene meer nodig het nie. Dit lyk vir my die belaglikste ding waar ek ooit van gehoor het. Die pensioene is toegeken aan die mense 20 jaar en meer na hulle die wonde gekry het, en kan nou iemand hom voorstel dat die mense in die laaste drie of vier jaar met eens so herstel is, dat hulle nie meer die pensioene nodig het nie? En dis nie meer jong mense nie. As dit nou nog mense was wat gewond is in die laaste oorlog, dan sou ’n mens dit nog kan verstaan, want die mense is vir die grootste gedeelte nog in die krag van hulle lewe, maar ons het hier te doen met mense aan wie die pensioene toegeken is 20 jaar na hulle gewond is en die toe eers ondersoek geword het. Uit die aard van die saak is dit mense wat almal oor die 40 jaar moet wees en hoe kan nou beweer word dat die gedurende die laaste ses jaar so verbeter geword het. Dis nonsens. My is verseker, dat die dokter wat nou in die twede kommisise van ondersoek is, net eentalig is en dat die manier van optrede baie onsimpatiek is. Die edele lid vir Wolmaransstad het al gevalle aangehaal van die oppervlakkige manier waarop die ondersoek plaas vind en waarop tot beslissinge gekom word. Daar is baie ou mense wat in groot moeilikhede gekom het. Ek weet van gevalle waar mense stukke grond gekoop het en waar hulle gereken het om die rente te kan afbetaal van die pensioen wat hulle kry. Hulle het nooit gedink nie, dat die pensioen morre of oormorre weer kan weggeneem word nie. Die mense het die grond gekoop en ’n paar jaar aangegaan en die rente altoos betaal van diepensioen wat hulle kry, maar die mense moet nou opeens die grond weer verkoop en hulle is absoluut op die bodem van ellende gebring. Ek dink dis ’n groot onreg. As die Regering iets toegeken het aan iemand en vernaamlik in geval van pensioene, dan behoor alleen op gewigtige gronde dit weer weggeneem te word en nie op die ligverdige manier waarop dit nou gedoen word in die gevalle van die ou stryders. Ek kan die edelagbare die Minister en die Huis die versekering gee, dat ontsettende ontevredenheid in die land heers en die ontevredenheid is geregverdig, want daar is bepaald onbillik gehandel en ek glo nie, dat enige lid van die Huis dit vir ’n oomblik goed kan keur nie. Ek hoop en vertrou daarom, dat die edelagbare die Minister die voorstel sal aanneem, namelik dat ’n grondige ondersoek sal plaas vind en dat die mense wat geregtig is op pensioene, die pensioene ook verder uitbetaal kry. In gevalle waar ’n vermindering wenselik is of nodig, of waar die edelagbare die Minister geregtig is om die pensioene te verminder of weg te neem, omdat bedrog gepleeg is, daar stem ek heeltemaal met die edelagbare die Minister saam en ek sou my ook nie wil verset teen enige verdere stappe wat die edelagbare die Minister teen sulke persone sou neem nie want ek pleit nie vir die mense wat bedrog gepleeg het nie maar vir die duisende eerlike ou burgers wat eerlik hulle pensioene verdien het en wat nou weer op so ’n onregvaardige manier daarvan beroof is. Die onreg aan hulle moet herstel word en ek vertrou, dat die edelagbare die Minister die saak nie gaan verskuif nie, maar dat daadlik stappe geneem sal word om die mense reg te doen, want die manier waarop die kommissie nou te werk gaan is heeltemaal in stryd met die gees wat geheers het in die Huis toe die Pensioenwet aangeneem is.
I think every member of this House will view with sympathy this motion, and though I should not like to raise any contentious matter, I should like to remind the hon. member for Wolmaransstad (Gen. Kemp) that he was somewhat ungenerous in his remarks, when he forgot the work of the Select Committee in 1919. I am right in saying that the Select Committee was unanimous in passing this part of the Act, and it was the general view of the Committee, that the old republican burghers should be included in this Act. I think he was somewhat ungenerous in forgetting that even for a moment. However, that is after all a very small matter. We are very sympathetic with the motion, and that is the great point. The Pensions Acts are as good as any Pensions Acts you can find anywhere in the world, but it has been claimed that the administration has not been sympathetic to the claimants. It must be remembered the administration have to enquire into matters which happened 24 years ago, and they were faced with many great difficulties, and it is only right to say, so far as the administration is concerned, they have done their best to meet the case. The position however is that a large number of people are complaining of being assessed at only 20 per cent. disability, and they claim, that the administration is doing that, not because they are suffering only 20 per cent. disability, but so as to give them a gratuity instead of an annual pension. Whether that is right or wrong, it requires looking into, and for that purpose alone we should hold an enquiry. Again, there are many complaints about the treatment in hospitals, and many claim that inexperienced men treat them and operate on them. That is a serious charge, and requires to be looked into, and enquired into, very carefully. Many of these men who come to me, and to others, tell me that by the time they get a final assessment and are in a position to approach the appeal board they are so tired of the whole thing and so disappointed, that they take the matter no further. It is said that the hospitals are badly run. All these points require consideration, and I am going to move an amendment to the motion of the hon. member. Before doing so, I wish to say that the administration, during the last two years, has done everything in its power to right matters, and I am told that there is an arrangement between the administration and the British Empire Service League, that two joint meetings are held monthly, and that at these meetings differences are discussed and very frequently overcome. The representatives of the British Empire Service League tell me that where there is any doubt, the Pensions Department are always ready to reopen a case and reconsider the matter. Matters have very much improved during the past two years. There were also complaints formerly in regard to the medical board. The Government appointed one member, the British Empire Service League the other, and the Government appointed the chairman. The result was that the Government had a majority on the board, and it was said that the treatment by the board was not as sympathetic as it might be. The Government then decided to arrange a roster and three names were put on it, and representatives were appointed representing both bodies. The Defence Department have given the League every right to inspect the hospitals whenever they like, and the League tell me that they have not put up any reasonable request which has not received due consideration. There are however a large number of persons who do not belong to this representative body, and those persons are continually complaining that they do not receive the treatment that is due to them. That being the case, I feel it is necessary that not only the old burghers, as suggested, but that everybody concerned under this Act of 1919 and the amending Acts of 1920 and 1922, should have the right to be heard and should be given an opportunity to have their cases investigated. I beg to move as an amendment—
I second. I do not think it necessary for me to detain the House very long. I have been associated with the hon. member for Cape Town (Harbour) (Maj. van Zyl) in the drafting of this amendment, and it seems to me that the position is perfectly simple. Many of us on this side of the House are in complete sympathy with the motion moved by the hon. member opposite, because we feel there has been a great deal of feeling and dissatisfaction in regard to the payment of pensions to all the burghers, under the Act of 1919. If a man has served his country and is doubtful as to his pension, he has a right to have his grievance ventilated. We say, however, that in addition to the pensions granted to the ex-republican burghers, the pensions granted to other people as well should also come within the scope of the suggested committee. We know from our own experience in the constituencies in Natak that there has been a very wide feeling of dissatisfaction among pensioners who drew their pensions following the great war, and I consider that if they also have grievances, they have a right to demand that those grievances should be examined. Consequently, I support very heartily the motion moved on the opposite benches, and the amendment moved by the hon. member for Cape Town (Harbour) (Maj. van Zyl). I hope by giving satisfaction to the young men, and the burghers, we shall show that we consider they have a right to have their grievances ventilated and enquired into, by the highest tribunal in the land, which is this Parliament.
I think it may save the time of the House if I at once state what the attitude of the Government is in regard to this motion. I intend to accept the motion. The hon. member who introduced the motion seemed to think that it required a tremendous amount of courage on my part to accept it. Nothing of the kind! I welcome the motion because I know there is a great deal of dissatisfaction, not only amongst the people referred to by the hon. member for Wolmaransstad (Gen. Kemp), but also amongst those referred to by the hon. member for Cape Town (Harbour) (Maj. van Zyl). There will always be dissatisfaction amongst people about a Pension Act of this sort, because they do not consider they are receiving what they are entitled to. That is quite in the natural order of things. I welcome an enquiry into this, which will ventilate completely the whole state of affairs, and let us have before us a good, full, and true statement, of the exact position. The hon. member attacked me for what has been done. He seemed to think, in fact he said, that what had been done in the reviewing of these pensions which he referred to, for he dealt only with the Boer War pensions, was part of the Government’s retrenchment scheme. Now, may I say at once that the notion of retrenchment, or of saving State money in a matter of this sort, never entered the mind of any of us. It is one thing to want to save money, but the Pension Vote is not a service establishment which the State, whatever the conditions of the finances of the State may be, would attack for the purpose of saving money. There has been no such idea. There were no such instructions given, nor did any idea in that direction enter our minds. On the contrary, I am the last person, holding the view that I do about the services rendered to this country at their country’s call, by the members of the old Republic—I am the last man to deny them, having acted under the directions of their Government—full consideration in the matter of pensions any more than anybody else. I welcome the introduction of the amendment into the original motion, as it is a matter of elementary justice, and I may say I am the very last person to draw any distinction or discrimination, between these particular sections in favour of one as against the other, but this I say, that it is the right thing that the State should pay every penny that is due to a man—every penny of pension that is due to a man, however much that means to the State, but on the other hand the State should not be called upon to pay what is not due to a man—it should not be called upon to pay more than is due to a man, but everything that is due the State should pay. It is in connection with this matter that some trouble has arisen in regard to some cases. Hon. members know that a commission was appointed to enquire into the whole matter and to report. The Commission enquired and reported. I am bound to say, and I wish to be quite frank, we have discovered since, that in some respects—I do not wish to blame anybody—the work of the Commission of Enquiry was carried out rather loosely.
I hope it was not a wholesale thing.
I am bound to say this investigation was made rather loosely.
The first one?
Yes, It was made loosely. It was not that careful, thorough, and discriminate investigation, that should have been made—
What about the second one?
I hope that the hon. member will allow me to go on. I am talking about the first commission. They made their recommendations, and awards were made. I do not speak of the second commission the hon. member is referring to now. I will speak of the review hereafter. What I am speaking about now, is the first report, and without wishing to blame the commission unduly, the evidence shows that their work was done rather loosely. Now what happened? And this is where I must be at once frank with the House. It was discovered by the Pensions Administration that there was a large and substantial amount of fraud being perpetrated in connection with the pensions. Cases were discovered where men had been granted pensions, and upon re-investigation it was found that they were not entitled to them, never having taken part in the war, or whose injuries were not due to the war. The Pensions Administration first of all prosecuted, and a number of convictions were obtained as far as the persons involved were concerned, under circumstances, which I am bound to say, were to my mind, of a most discreditable and serious character. Hon. members will understand that when a person is presenting a claim for injuries, it is perhaps quite natural for him, in presenting the case, to exaggerate a little, making his case appear stronger than it is, but to deliberately manufacture claims without any justification, is a mean, discreditable, and serious feature, of the whole thing. Unfortunately it has been discovered that this has been going on to a large extent—to a very large extent. I am told by the Pensions Administration there was actually a factory in Johannesburg ready to manufacture false affidavits at 10s. each. [Laughter.] I cannot see anything to smile or laugh at in this, as it is a most serious thing. The commission, therefore, carefully combed through the whole thing again. I do not want to say anything more about this, except to say that this thing has been going on to quite a large extent. A large number of cases came before us, persons were prosecuted, and a good many convictions obtained. Afterwards there was a general feeling expressed in this House, that these prosecutions should not be continued, and that the method of proceedings should be altered. Last year the view was impressed upon me that it was undesirable to continue prosecuting these people. The question then remained; what was to be done? I gave instructions, as far as I know, but at any rate I accept responsibility, that there should be a proper and systematic review of the whole of these cases where pensions had been granted, that where a man was found to have made a claim not based on facts, the pension should be cancelled. In a case where there was a doubt as to the circumstances, instead of proceeding to prosecution, the pension was suspended, while the claimant was called upon to take proper action in support of his claim— in fact, to offer additional evidence to support his claim. I do not think that this was a wrong and unreasonable thing to do. I ordered a general review of the whole matter, and that has been carried out. I do not want to weary the House with a long description of what took place, as these matters will be subject to investigation; but broadly speaking, what took place was this. Where it was found that there was fraud, pensions were cancelled; when it was found that the evidence produced was unsatisfactory, the applicant was given an opportunity of substantiating his claim. The cases were reviewed by the Medical Pension Board. Mistakes may have been made, it would be marvellous if they were not, but any such mistakes which were made, were honestly made. We could not simply say that some doctors had inspected this man, and said so and so. The House would be quite right in saying that there should be a review by the Chief Medical Board, if things were not satisfactory. As a result of the investigations of the Medical Board, some of the original awards were reduced, and some were increased.
What are the figures?
I have not got the figures. If the hon. member is going to have doubts as to the honesty of the doctors, then the investigation is not going to have any fruit. The investigations must be straight and honest on both sides. These matters will form the ground for an investigation, but there has been another element introduced into the matter in this way; a couple of temporary clerks, who had access to all the papers, have now set up a pension agency in Pretoria, and are inviting gentlemen who think they did not get what they ought to have got, to come to them, and they would get their pensions on payment of 20 per cent, to these agents. I am told that these honest gentlemen have now fallen out with each other, in a matter connected with a division of the spoil. Mr. Speaker, I wish to say this about the general aspect: from the point of view of sympathy, there is no one who sympathises more than I do with the claims of men who have been injured in the great war, or in any war, when fighting in the interest of their country, but I would reiterate that every one must get only his full due, neither more nor less. There is no question of a lack of sympathy, but I want to see fair play done, the utmost fair play to the men concerned, but also fair play to the people of this country, and I welcome the fullest possible examination. After what I have said, hon. members will not be surprised to hear that I am quite prepared to accept the amendment proposed by the hon. member for Cape Town (Harbour) (Maj. van Zyl). I am going to propose another amendment. We have considered this question of a Select Committee, and I am sure my colleagues agree with me, that the right Select Committee to investigate this matter, is the Pensions Committee. These gentlemen understand this sort of thing, they are used to the work, and we have been told by the chairman of the Committee, that they will be able to do this work quite well, that there is time for them to do it, and that they are quite prepared to undertake it. I think the House will, therefore, meet me when I say I am prepared to accept the motion, but we should not endeavour now to set up a special Committee chiefly for this reason, that we have got to such a state that we cannot have more Select Committees. We have not got the personnel, apart from the other Committees to set up a special Select Committee. We cannot set up a committee ad hoc with hon. members who have not the time to devote to this particular thing. I am going to move what I hope will commend itself to this House, as a further amendment—
Absolutely impossible.
Oh, no, no!
The Pensions Committee itself says it is impossible.
Ek sekondeer. Toe ons die Pensioenwet in 1919 behandel het, het ons almal gereken, dat ons ’n wet moet maak, die voorsiening maak, nie net van die ogenblik af nie, maar ook vir die mense, die van die vroegere tyd gehelp had om die land te beskaaf deur hulle lewe in hulle hand te neem, deur op oorlog te gaan vir daardie doel. Toe het die edele lid vir Boshof (de hr. C. A. van Niekerk) ’n amendement voorgestel om die gewonde burgers van die ou republieke in te sluit. Ons hier het toe geseg nee, dit gaat nie ver genoeg nie, ons wil al die burgers, wat gewond was of deur siekte gebreklik gemaak op die oorloge, ook die kafferoorloge, pensioen gee. Die Huis het met algemene stemme daardie Wet aangeneem en onder die Wet is ’n kommissie aangestel om die oorlogsongevalle van 1900 te ondersoek. Dit is baie jammer, dat daar mense was, wait op oneerlike en onregvaardige manier geld in die hande wis te kry. Die kommissie het ’n swaar werk gehad en dit het lang tyd gevat om die nodige informasie in die hande te kry en dit is gebleke, dat sommige mense dit verkry het deur valse verklarings. In ander gevalle is gebleke en die edelagbare die Minister van Finansies se ondersoek het dit aan die lig gebreng, dat die eerste kommissie miskien na die uiterste van goedhartigheid gegaan het, maar daar het die tweede kommissie miskien in teenoorgestelde rigting gesondig. Dit is duidelik, dat deur die latere kommissie aan baie persone onreg gedaan is en dit is nie meer as die plig van die Huis nie om daardie mense, die soas reeds geseg, hulle lewe veil gehad het vir die land, te help en reg te laat wedervaar. In my distrikt is tientalle gevalle van mense, wat ernstig gewond was en aan wie die pensioen ontnome is en wat gevolglik in verskriklike moeilikhede verkeer. Ek het reis na reis na Pretoria onderneem om die onreg herstel te kry; in sommige gevalle is ek daarin geslaag, in andere nie. Die kommissie word teveel alle mag in die hande gegee en soas die kommissie besluit, so word gehandel. Daar moet meer geraadpleeg word met die offisiere, onder wie die mense daardie tyd gedien het; hulle ken hulle mense en weet die omstandighede van die verwonding en siekte. Waar iemand op onregvaardige manier ’n pensioen uitgewerk het, gaat na die offisier, onder wie hy in 1900 gedien het; dit sal veel help en daar sal billiker gehandel word. ’n Ander grief is, dat die ambtenare, wat dikwels met die mense te doen het, nie beleefd is teenoor die mense nie en ambtenare, wat deur die Staat aangestel en betaal word, behoort beleefd te wees teenoor die lede van die publiek, met wie hulle ín aanraking kom; hulle behoort die volk te dien in alle beleefdheid. Hulle mag geen aanstoot gee nie, want hulle word daarvoor betaal om die volk te dien. Ek is bly, dat die edelagbare die Minister erken en duidelik verklaar het, dat hy geen man sy regmatige pensioen wil ontneem nie, al kos dit die Staat ook wat. Ek het reeds geseg, dat die man wat homself opgeoffer het by wyse van wetgewing behoort beskerm te word deur die toestaan van ’n pensioen, as hy dientengevolge onbekwaam word om vir sigself te sorg of te werk. As die Huis dit nie doen nie, welke aanmoediging is dit dan vir die burgers van die land om, as daar weer moeilikheid kom, hulle dienste te kom aanbied, hulle lewe in hulle hand te neem om die land te dien en te verdedig? Ons kom nie ’n gift of gawe vraag nie, maar reg en billikheid, volgens die Wet van 1919. Daar is gevalle waar die eerste mediese deskundige geseg het, dat mense pensioen moes kry en waar die tweede gekom het en verklaar, dat die man nie so swak is, dat hy pensioen moet kry nie. Dit bewys die moeilikheid om die mag feitelik te gee in hande net van die mediese deskundige. Ander gevalle was daar, waar die mense siekte opgedaan het op kommando, maar die dokters, wat die mense behandel het net na die oorlog, is daar in vele gevalle nie meer nie, hulle is dood. Nou kom die kommissie en vraag ’n sertifikaat van die dokter, wat hulle behandel het; die is daar natuurlik nie en daarom kry hulle geen pensioen nie. Dit is ook onbillik en onregvaardig. Ek blameer nie die Regering daarvoor nie, maar dit het plaasgevind deur die kommissie en die mediese deskundige, wat aangestel was vir die werk. Ek het meermale na Pretoria gegaan, gelyk reeds aangestip, vir gevalle, waar ek persoonlik wis, dat die man gewond was, maar hom word ’n pensioen geweier. Daarom is ek so bly oor die verklaring van die edelagbare die Minister en ondersteun van harte sy amendement. Ek reken ook, dat die Pensioen Kommissie, wat sit, die saak kan in behandeling neem en toesien, dat net die mense, wat dit werkelik verdien pensioen kry.
Ek is bly dat die saak van pensioene hier ter sprake kom. Die edele lid vir Wolmaransstad (Gen. Kemp) vra my om hom te ondersteun, ek gaan dit van harte doen, maar ek wil die mosie nie uit die Huis praat nie, en daarom sal ek maar kort wees. Wat betref die aanstelling van die eerste kommissie wil ek nie op ingaan nie, almaal weet dit. Dis jammer die kommissie was te toegewend, maar ons kan hulle nie kwalik neem nie, want hulle het gemeen as iemand gewond geraak het of deur siekte sy gesondheid verloor het, hy dan geregtig sal wees vir pensioen. Daar is nie diep genoeg in die saak ingegaan nie en vandaar die bedrog. En omdat die saak van bedrog voorgekom het en daar mense voor gestraf is, was dit die plig van die edelagbare die Minister om ’n tweede kommissie aan te stel; maar die tweede kommissie was nie simpatiek genoeg nie, en het nie beantwoord aan die doel, waarvoor dit aangestel was nie. So had, b.v., die aangestelde dokter baie min simpatie met die mense, wat hy moes behandel. Ek herhaal, dat ek met die voorstel saamgaan. Daardie mense was onbillik en onbeleefd behandel en daar is onbeleefde woorde aan hulle toegeswaai wat hulle nie verdien het nie, en sonder dat daar kennis aan die mense gegee is waarom hulle pensioene weggeneem is is dit van hulle weggevat. Die kommissie kom by ’n man en hulle vra hom om sekere inligtinge en dan ry hulle weg en hulle sê sy saak sal in oorweging geneem word, en ’n paar dae later kom daar ’n poliesman en sê: “Ek eis jou papier, jy moet dit gee,” en daar is natuurlik mense wat sê, “Nee, ons sal hulle nie gee nie” en dan sê hy ‘Hulle sal jou dagvaar.” Die soort van ding raak die eer van die mense—daardie mense wat in die Boere-oorlog gewond was; hulle is eerlike mense. Hulle het nie om hulle pensioene gevra nie. Daar is aan hulle gesê “Julle moet applikasie maak” en hulle het applikasie gemaak. In my afdeling het dit so gegaan. Mense wat gewond was het self applikasie gemaak, en hulle applikasie was aan my gestuur, en ek het ’n beëdigde verklaring moest maak dat die man gewond was en as die man nie gewond was nie en daar iets anders aan hom oorgekom dan het ek nie ’n beëdigde verklaring gemaak nie. Ek is ’n man aan wie my eed duur is en as ek nie ’n beëdigde verklaring kan maak nie dan sou ek dit nie doen nie. Maar wat het die kommissie gemaak? Hulle het na my gestuur om by die poliesiekantoor te kom en de poliesie het my gevra om weer ’n beëdigae verklaring te maak oor daardie man. Ek het gesê: “Maar het hulle dan my verklaring nie hier nie? Laat my sien waar hy is.” Hulle het my my verklaring laat sien, saam met die dokter se verklaring daarby. Ek het vir hulle gesê: “Maar wat wil julle dan hê? As julle dink dat dit verkeerd is, waarom bring julle dan nie vir my vir die Hof nie?” Die soort van ding maak ’n mens seer, dit maak ’n mens se eer seer en ek is daarom bly dat die saak hier opgebring is. Ek wens dat die hele saak ondersoek sal word en ek wens te sien dat die mense wat geregtig is om pensioene te kry dit sal kry. Daar is mense wat vandag rondloop, ek is nie ’n dokter nie en ek kan nie sê wat die persent van ’n man se gesondheid is wat weggeneem is nie, maar as ’n man se oë uitgeskiet is of sy heup geskiet is, of as hy deur sy gesig geskiet is of deur sy maag, sodat hy baie ly, ek sê dat dit dan onbillik is om die man se pensioen weg te vat, en ek wil dat die man se pensioen aan hom teruggegee sal word. Ek sal nie tevrede wees met ’n algemene ondersoek nie, ek wens te sien dat hierdie saak sorgvuldig ondersoek sal word. Ek is bly dat die Minister die mosie aangeneem het en ek is tevrede om dit oor te laat om deur die Selekt Komitee ondersoek te word. Die Minister van Lande wat self deur die Boere-oorlog heen was is ’n lid van die komitee en ek sal die hele saak aan hom toevertrou. Hy is goed bekend met die sake op die platteland, en ek is daarom bereid om die voorstel van die Minister aan te neem.
Ek is bly dat die Minister bereid is hierdie voorstel aan te neem, maar ek wil hom daar tog op wys dat dit die werk onmoontlik sal maak om hierdie saak na die Selekt Komitee op Pensioene te verwys. Ek kan met gesag spreek oor die Pensioene Komitee want ek het vir jare daarop gedien en ek het met die edele lid vir Hopetown (Kapt. P. S. Cilliers) op die Komitee oor die Wet van 1919 gedien, toe ons op die hele saak ingegaan het en ek het ook op die gewone Selekt Komitee op pensioene en gratifikasies gedien. Die Minister moet daarvan bewus wees dat daar nie ’n enkele komitee in die Huis is nie wat meer werk te doen het dan die Komitee van Pensioene en Gratifikasies. Die Komitee het honderde pensioene om te behandel, meer as genoeg om hulle gedurende dié hele sessie besig te hou, en u sal met my instem, Mr. Speaker, as u die oorkonde deur lees van die Huis elke jaar en die aantal petiesies sien wat van jaar tot jaar moet bly oorstaan. En wat sal nou gebeur? Of hierdie onderwerp sal moet ly of die gewone petiesies wat elke jaar ingehandig word sal agterweë moet bly. Die Minister kan nie hoop om hulle almaal behandel te kry nie. Indien die ene behandel word dan sal die ander ene moet ly, en dit is heeltemaal onmoontlik vir almaal om behandel te word. Ek wens te beaam wat deur die edele lid vir Bethal (Lt.-Kol. H. S. Grobler) gesê is, en daar is ander lede wat ook sal beaam dat toe ons in 1919 in Komitee gesit het daar ’n gees in die Komitee was gewees om die regte ding te doen jegens iedereen. Of die mense hier in Suid Afrika of elders geveg het, hulle was gehoorsaam gewees aan die oproeping wat op hulle gedoen was, en hulle het hulle plig gedoen, en hulle was gewond gewees en die gees van die Selekt Komitee was dat daar regvêrdigheid gedaan moes word aan die mense. As ons die Wet van 1919 beskou sal ons sien dat die bepalinge net so lieberaal was as verwag kon word. Die bepalinge in seksie 6 of 7 van die Wet wat van toepassing is op die oue burgers net so seer as op die wat in die oorlog van 1914 tot 1918 geveg het, is net so lieberaal as mens kan verwag. Maar ons hoor nou dat die lieberale uitdeling aan onse ou burgers sedert ’n jaar of twee gelede sistematies weggeneem en verminder is, ons hoor dat mense wat swaar gewond was hulle pensioene verminder gekry het of weggeneem. Ek sal dadelik erken dat as daar ’n geval van bedrog was dat die Minister dan die volle reg had om die pensioene weg te neem, dit was nie meer as billik nie om so’n man voor die Hof te bring. Dit was nooit die bedoeling van die Wet gewees om mense wat nie gewond was nie pensioene te: gee nie. Die bedoeling was allenig om pensioene te gee aan mense wat gewond was en waarvan die wonde doorlopend was, voortdurend was, ek weet daar was mense wat misbruik van die Wet gemaak het. As die Minister het wil uitvind wie die mense was, dan is dit lofwaardig, maar hoekom word die pensioene ingetrek. Daar is mense wat deur die longe geskiet was—ek het die dokumente van ’n man gesien wat deur die longe geskiet was—die man het ’n wondervolle ontkoming gehad en die mediese mense het dit erken, my edele vriend die lid vir Paarl (Dr. de Jager) sal dit ook erken dat dit wondervol was dat die man nog leef. Maar die man ly vandag van die gevolge. En die enige ding wat hy gehoor het is dat sy pensioen geskrap is. Daar is iemand anders wat die Minister goed ken, ’n broer van oorlede Gen. Kock. Die X strale wys dat die koël nog in sy lyf is. En in een ander geval is ’n gedeelte van die koël nog in die ruggegraat van die burger. Daardie burger se pensioen is afgeskaf. Dis onmoontlik vir sulke mense om bedrog gepleeg te hê. As ’n wond na 20 of 22 jaar nog pyn veroorsaak en hom ongeskik maak vir sy beroep dan moet ons erken dat die wond nie ’n gemaklike wond was nie. Die edele lid vir Paarl (Dr. de Jager) sal erken dat ’n wond ’n neiging het om beter te word na ’n tyd totdat ouderdom ander gebreke veroorsaak. Maar in die loop van tyd moet ’n wond beter word. Hier het ons die man wat na 20 jaar nie in staat is om sy beroep uitteoefen nie. Daar word nou ’n beskuldiging gemaak deur baie van ons ou burgers van die oorlog van 1900, hulle sê: “Ons pensioene is weggeneem, maar die mense wat vir Engeland geveg het, hulle pensioene is nie weggeneem nie.” Die Kommissie sal daarop moet ingaan of dit waar is. As dit waar is dat die pensioene van mense wat in 1914 geveg het nie weggeneem is nie en as hulle meer kry dan die mense van 1900, dan is dit ’n breuk van die gees wat die Komitee van 1919 besiel het, want wat daardie Komitee op bedoel het was dat reg en regvaardigheid aan iedereen gedoen sal word. Ek hoop dat die Minister in oorweging sal neem dat dit onmoontlik sal wees vir die gewone Komitee om hierdie werk uit te voer want as hulle hierdie werk moet doen dan sal ander werk moet ly. Ek ondersteun die voorstel van die edele lid vir Wolmaransstad (Gen. Kemp) so as geamendeer deur my edele vriend, behalwe dat ek van oordeel is dat dit nie na die Selekt Komitee op Pensioene verwys moet word nie.
Ek is baie bly om te sien dat ’n voorstel van die aard op die manier bespreek is deur die twee kante van die Huis, want anders is dit dikwels die geval dat so’n saak hier in die Huis gebring word en beskou word as ’n saak van party politiek, maar met hierdie voorstel kan dit nie gebeur nie. Ek dink dat die twee kante van die Huis die onregvaardigheid besef wat aangedoen is aan die burgers van wie die pensioene geskrap is of van wie die pensioene verminder is, nadat dit aan hulle toegestem was. Ek het sulke gevalle in my afdeling. Ek wil weet wat daar gebeur is, ek wil weet of die vorige Kommissie, die Oorlogs Ongevalle Kommissie, dan nie die bekwaamste dokter by hulle gehad het nie. Ek dink dat as die ander kommissie ’n fout gemaak het die dokter behoor geweet te hê of ’n man geregtig was of nie geregtig was om ’n pensioen te kry nie. Die dokter met die twede kommissie het die mense net maar weinig ondersoek. Hy kan nie sê of die eerste dokter wat ’n man ondersoek het ’n fout gemaak het nie. Daar is baie mense wat kennis gekry het dat hulle pensioene sal ophou. Maar ek weet dat daar gevalle is van mense wat werkelik gewond was in die Boere oorlog en wat vandag nog hulle werk nie kan doen nie maar wat hulle pensioene nou verloor het. Ons behoor op die meriete van die saak in te gaan en ons moet weet waarom die dinge gedoen word en waarom daar sulke onregvaardighede geskied. In my afdeling is daar ’n man wat vandag nog op krukke moet loop. Waarom sou sy pensioen geskrap wees? Hoe kan dit gebeur? Dit wys dat daar onregvaardigheid is en daar is mense wat ly. Hulle kan nie hulle eie werk doen nie maar hulle word van die lys afgevat en die kommissie sê vir hulle: “Ons kan nie vind dat juile ly nie.” Hoe kan ’n dokter vir ’n man sê: “Ek vind dat jy nie ly nie”? Die dokter is nie op die man se plaas nie en hy sien nie hoe die man ly nie, en dat hy nie in staat is om sy werk te doen nie. Ek stem in met die voorstel wat die Minister gemaak het om die volgende rede. Daar het twee kommissies oor hierdie saak gesit en die Staat baie geld gekos, maar die moeilikhede is nog nie behoorlik opgelos nie. Hier in die Raad het ons ’n Pensioene Komitee wat van tyd tot tyd sit oor pensioene en hulle het baie ervaring, en dis ’n liggaam van hierdie Huis en hulle moet reg en regvaardigheid laat wedervaar, dis ’n liggaam wat verantwoordelik is aan hierdie Huis en dit lyk my so dat dit die beste sou wees om die saak na daardie Kommissie te verwys sodat ons kan sien of die hele ding dan nie behoorlik opgelos kan word nie. Om ’n kommissie aan te stel wat miskien nie ervaring het van die hele kwessio sal net baie geld aan die Staat kos en dit sal dan weer op mislukking uitloop. Ek sê dat ons liewer die saak moet verwys na die Pensioene Komitee in die Huis en dan sal ons miskien tot ’n bevredigende oplossing kom.
Ek wens ook die geleentheid te hê om ’n paar woorde op hierdie voorstel te sê, en oor die voorstel van die Minister. Ek glô nie dat daar iemand kan wees wat teen die voorstel kan wees nie want dit is ’n skreiende onreg teenoor burgers wat dit nie verdien het nie. In my afdeling is daar mense wat baie te ly het daaronder. Dit word beweer dat vorige kommissies foute gemaak het en dat mense valse verklaringe gemaak het, en om die rede sal ek stem vir die voorstel van die Minister dat die Komitee van hierdie Huis die saak sal ondersoek.
Ek wil net sê dat ek heeltemaal bereid is om die amendement voorgestel deur die edele lid vir Kaapstad (Haven) (Maj. van Zyl) in my voorstel op te neem. Dit is heeltemaal billik. Ons staan nie net vir een seksie nie, ons staan nie net alleen vir die burgers wat in die Boere oorlog geval het nie maar ons wil ook sien dat daar reg sal geskied teenoor die mense wat hulle plig gedoen het in latere oorloë en dit is om die rede dat ek die amendement aanneem. Ek is ook bly dat die Minister bereid is om my mosie aan te neem in sy amendement, maar die vraag wat sal op kom is dit—sal die Pensioene Komitee die geleentheid hê om behoorlik ondersoek in te stel op hierdie saak? Soas die edele lid vir Boshof (de hr. C. A. van Niekerk) gesê het, is die tyd baie beperk; die Komitee sit nou drie daë in ’n week, en ons weet dat verlede jaar baie applikasies van weduwes en ander mense wat gebrek ly, het moet oorstaan. En nou gaan ons ’n groot aantal ander gevalle, die gevalle van 12,000 mense wat pensioene kry en daarby ’n groot aantal applikasies van mense wat onder die amendement van die edele lid vir Kaapstad (Haven (Maj. van Zyl), ook naar die Komitee stuur. Ek is darem bang dat die Komitee nie in staat sal wees om aan sy opdrag te voldoen om hier op die saak in te gaan nie. Dit is deur lede aan beide kante van die Huis bewys dat daar ontevredenheid oor hierdie saak is en dis duidelik dat ons ons aandag hieraan sal moet gee. Ek wens die Minister te vra of hy bereid is aan sy amendement te voeg dat dit ’n instruksie aan die Komitee sal wees om nog gedurende hierdie sessie verslag by die Huis uit te bring. Dan kan hulle voorkeur aan hierdie kwessie gee en ons kan gedurende die sessie hulle verslag kry. Ek vra daarom dat dit by die amendement van die Minister gevoeg sal word.
Ja, seker.
Dan is daar nog iets. Die merendeel van die mense wat onder hierdie Wet val is in die Transvaal in die Vrystaat. Die kwessie sal nou verwys word na die Pensioene Komitee. Sal die Staat die koste betaal as getuie uit die Transvaal gedagvaar word om hier te kom. Die mense is arm, hulle is baie arm, hulle kry nie pensioene nie en hulle is die mense wat getuigenis sal moet aflê. En as ons die mense nie kan kry nie, wat sal dan die waarde wees van die ondersoek van die Komitee? Die Komitee sal dan net alleen ambshalve getuienis kry, en die getuienis van ’n paar lede van die Parlement wat van die sake af weet, maar hulle sal nie die getuienis kry van die mense wat regstreeks betrokke is. Ek wil nie sien dat daar iemand geroep sal word om getuienis te gee wat nie nodig is nie, maar ek dink dat dit billik sal wees as mense wat swaar getref is die geleentheid sal kry om getuienis te gee. Ek hoop die Minister sal hieraan oorwegin gee en ek is bly dat die Minister daarin toestem dat die Komitee gedurende hierdie sessie sy rapport sal uitbring.
May I refer to a question which the hon. member asked me in regard to the amendment? I must say I am not entitled now to move any amendment, but if the House will not object, I would like to say that I would accept the suggestion that a further instruction be issued to the Committee that they should report during this session.
Ek wens daar net op te wys dat dit die plig van ’n Komitee is, as dít gedurende ’n sessie aangestel word om dan in die sessie ’n rapport uit te bring en daar word nie ’n spesiale opdrag aan die Komitee gegee nie. As hierdie vraag na die Pensioene Komitee verwys word dan is dit die plig van die Komitee om gedurende die sessie sy verslag uit te bring, maar ek kan, die woorde by die amendement van die Minister voeg.
Mag ek net aan die Minister vra met betrekking tot die kwessie om getuie uit die Transvaal en die Vrystaat te dagvaar —ek het reeds gesê dat die mense baie arm is —sal die Minister toestaan dat die mense op koste van die Staat gedagvaar sal word om getuienis te kom gee?
Dit word gewoonlik deur Mr. Speaker gedaan. Die Voorsitter van die Komitee vra aan Mr. Speaker om getuie te dagvaar en dit word feitelik nooit geweier as dit nodig is nie.
Amendments put and agreed to.
Motion, as amended, put and agreed to, viz.—
OUDERDOMS PENSIOENFONDS.
moved—
He said: This question has been before this House on three occasions to my knowledge, and on each occasion it has been supported by hon. members of all parties. It is unquestionably a non-party matter, as I know this is a subject that appeals very much to many members of the Government Party, to many members of the Nationalist Party, and to the Labour Party. We, as a party, are pledged to the principle of old age pensions, it is part of our programme, that an old age pension should be established at the earliest possible moment. In 1922, when this matter was before the House, the right hon. the Prime Minister wound up the debate, and he asked the hon. member for Wonderboom (Mr. Pienaar) to withdraw his motion, and stated that the Government would take such steps as were necessary to get information, and that he would lay the information before the House during the next year, or words to that effect. Last year, the matter was brought up in another form by the hon. member for Christiana (Mr. van Hees), and I understand that the Government are taking steps to get the information necessary. A reply to that effect was given in answer to a question by the hon. member for Pietermaritzburg (North) (Mr. Strachan). The reason why a Select Committee should he appointed is this. I think the Government has had considerable time to get the information, and they have, I believe, a great deal of information, that they could place before a Select Committee, and as this is a very urgent matter, I think the Select Committee should sit at the earliest possible moment, when the information in possession of the Government could be placed before it. I do not intend to quote figures as regards the cost of the scheme, or the numbers of persons going to be granted pension. Any hon. member can only give approximate figures but nothing definite until such time as the whole of the evidence has been sifted before the Select Committee. Any figures given in this House this afternoon would account for every little, it would only be after sifting the evidence and getting the actual facts, that a statement in regard to the cost and the numbers of those who were going to receive pensions could be given with any degree of accuracy. That is the reason why I think we should adopt the appointment of a Select Committee. We have been discussing pensions this afternoon in regard to men who have been wounded in the late Boer War. I agree with the principle. I agree that every man who was wounded in fighting for his country that it should be the duty of the country to see that he is properly compensated, and gets a pension which would enable him to live in some degree of comfort. But there are also a large number of men and women in this country, who have been very good citizens indeed, and who have been broken m the industrial world: they are just as much entitled to the same privilege, as a man who was wounded in battle. Some people will argue, and I believe the argument has been put forward, that if we establish an old age pension, we do away with thrift. That is net the experience of countries which have established old age pensions; but I would combat that from another point of view. A large number of people to whom old age pensions will apply, are the men and women who have never earned sufficient to enable them to put anything by for their old age. The nature of their occupation, and the wage they have received, has debarred them from saving a penny to enable them to live in their old age. They have been very good citizens, and have been a benefit to the State; they have reared large families, some of them, under conditions that were not too rosy, so that I say that we should discuss this matter in a very very broad manner indeed. I have read through some of the pension schemes of countries who have granted old age pensions, and I may say, all the evidence goes to prove, that the granting of old age pensions has not affected thrift one bit, we lag behind these countries very much indeed. We lag behind them in education, so we lag behind them in social questions. In Australia, where they have established old age pensions, they have found them do a remarkable amount of good. I remember a friend of mine who went to Great Britain some years ago said, that one of the most pleasing things he saw in the rural areas, was the large number of old men and women living happily on the small pension they were receiving; it did not run to luxury, but there they were, old couples living in these villages, quite happy and contented on their old age pensions. Previously on going through these villages what did we find? Many of those old couples depending on charity. I would like this House to examine this question of charity very carefully. No doubt the question will be asked, what is it going to cost? This question can only be answered after the whole of the evidence has been placed before a Committee. If this House could get the figures relating to money that we spend on charity every year, on the aged poor, the sum would be proved to be a very big one. There is not a town in this country, nor a village, which has not got its charitable organization. I know that in the town I come from, we have two organizations which expend a very big sum of money in dealing with our poor. To-day we are spending a very large sum of money, but it does not appear to me that it is expended in the right way. I know of instances where aged couples, who have perhaps spent 45 years of their married life together, through poverty have had to be put into homes. These couples were separated; one sent to a woman’s home, and the other to the man’s home. This to me is a crying shame. To think that after 45 years of married life, of active citizenship, through no fault of their own, they have been separated just as they were tottering, as it were, to the grave! In a Christian world we should not allow acts of this kind, and I feel certain that if we grant old age pensions, things like that would not occur. What is the picture? A man has reached over 60 years of age; he is told that he is incapable of working; he has reached that stage at which he cannot follow the occupation he has been following throughout his whole life. He looks round; he has got his little home—to him a palace—he finds that as days go by, he has to apply to some charitable organization, he has got to humble himself and answer all kinds of enquiries. These charitable organizations in their own interests have to make these enquiries, this man finds his home is slipping from him; what a picture for any man or woman to face in the sunset of life! They have been good citizens, and done everything possible for the benefit of the country. Perhaps reared big families, but in their old age they find starvation facing them. Would it not be a grand thing if this House in its wisdom, said it believed this state of affairs should not exist. It is existing to-day. Anyone who is engaged in social work in this country, will tell you that this is not a fanciful picture, but a true picture, occurring in thousands of cases in our land, and I say we have no right to allow it. We, as a Government, the rulers of this country, the advisers, and those who have the care of this country, have no right to allow the state of affairs to exist, and in dealing with this matter we have to take a very Christian view, and not allow the question of cost to debar us from facing it, investigating it, and finding out if there is really a remedy. There is a remedy which has been proved in every country, which has carried into effect old pension schemes. That is the view I take, and I think that that is a view which every hon. member of this House ought to take. I know when we discussed it last, we were frightened by the amount of money required. It has been argued, time after time, that if you require money to fight a plague, if you require money for defence purposes, for war purposes, the money is always forthcoming. I say the same should apply to our old people in this country. We have no duty, which I think has a bigger claim on us, than that of seeing that the old people of this country can at least live in a fairly decent manner in the sunset of their lives. I do not want to labour this thing, nor have I any desire that this matter should be talked out. I believe that the Ministers, and I believe that even all the parties in this House are agreed that the time has arrived for the establishment of an old age pension scheme. I do not think we want to put the matter back any further; we have already started; the Government have got a great deal of information at hand. The right hon. the Minister of Finance stated it was impossible to appoint Select Committees. I do not agree with him, some of the Select Committees are just about finishing their reports, they are bringing up their reports, and there are sufficient members in this House to deal with this question, sufficient time also, and there must always be sufficient time to deal with something which is of national importance. There must always be time. It is useless and no argument at all to say that we have not got time to deal with some pressing problem. I say there is no social problem that is more pressing than that of securing for our old people a sufficient sum, which will at least enable them to live in some degree of comfort. I stated that I would not go into the question of the age limit, or what the pension should be, or its cost to the country. I have, of course, gone into these questions as carefully as any hon. member, but I could only put up approximate figures, which other hon. members would try to tear to pieces. The one way to achieve our object, and to get correct information, is by setting up this Select Committee, getting all the information the Government have at hand, calling for evidence, reviewing the whole position as to cost; and then coming back to this House and stating what it believed, and believed correctly, to be the amount of money that would be required, and the number of people that would be put on the pension fund. For these reasons I appeal to the good sense of this House, and the members of all parties to support this motion, because I believe it is a motion that will do credit, if carried, to this Government and to this country.
I second. I do not propose to say much in support of this motion, because I feel it is hardly necessary to say much on the matter, as I cannot conceive any hon. member of this House being opposed to it. They may have different ideas as to the details in regard to putting this into operation, but to the actual motion which is before the House, I cannot imagine any opposition whatever. The fact that the Government in dealing with their servants years ago, instituted a pensions fund, in view of the fact that all public bodies have done the same, and that large corporations have all extended their system of pensions to the workers who have borne the burden and heat of the day, so that they may be secure during the evening of their lives. I think that this principle ought to be extended to those less fortunate members of the public who have not had the opportunity of serving a Government, a private corporation, or a large public body. Many of these people have no trade whatsoever, and have been on the border line of existence all their lives. On the top of that they have done their duty to the State by rearing large families, and we know it is the poor man who is blessed with the biggest families. We know it is absolutely impossible for them to make provision for themselves in their old age, and I think it right and just that the State should take over this responsibility. I do not think it will cost as much as some hon. members say, but that is a matter of detail, which, to my mind, could easily be settled. The position as far as the country is concerned cannot be very much different to that in other countries, many of whom have adopted this principle, and are operating it very successfully to the advantage and benefit of many of these people. One has only to be in some of the bigger towns in business, and move through the streets to realize the amount of distress, and almost starvation, which exists amongst very many of the old people. You see these old people coming along with a letter from some country minister, in which it is stated they are absolutely destitute, and are begging from door to door, at the age often of 70 and 75. Such a state of affairs should not be, and I am certain if this motion is carried, and if the right hon. the Minister will whole-heartedly get into this matter, he can easily evolve a workable Act, and I am quite certain it will be to the benefit of this country, not only to the old people themselves, but to us as a nation. It will increase our self-respect, and will show that a man may serve in the capacity of a labourer, or in any other degree, and that when he grows old he is looked after, and obtains a square deal. Instead of the old people coming into a position of beggery and asking for charity, the State should shoulder the responsibility and I feel it will shoulder it whole-heartedly.
I think that one of the very saddest things in this world is the sight of the old and the poor; and I am one of those who think that the problem of its aged poor, is one which no progressive State can afford to neglect. I agree with the hon. member who moved this motion, that it is no answer to say that these people should have saved enough during their lives to provide for their old age, because we do know, that under the conditions of modern life, it is almost impossible for a large section of the community to make adequate provision for their old age. Those who have families to bring up know what a struggle it is. We all know that throughout South Africa there are most pitiable cases of poverty amongst our old people. At the present time, we endeavour to make some sort of provision for these people by what may be called work-houses, and homes for the aged poor, but these places tend to take away the remnants of what little self-respect the old people have left. From a moral point of view the provision of an old age pension for old persons is far more calculated to retain their self-respect, than to place these people into such institutions as I have mentioned. We find hon. members on the Labour benches very quick at getting up and moving all sorts of motions, the effect of which would undoubtedly be to the betterment of the people, and a better social well-being for the citizens of South Africa, but they move such things with a complete absence of any sense of financial responsibility to this country.
Ah!
The hon. member who interrupted me with that “Ah,” last night delivered a forty minutes speech on the question of remuneration to teachers, in which he displayed a complete absence of any sense of financial responsibility. When you ask any one of these gentlemen to face the question as to where the money is coming from, they shy like a frightened horse. I am speaking this afternoon as one who has considered the cost, and I am of opinion no good purpose will be served by adopting the airy view of the hon. member for Langlaagte (Mr. Christie), who says that money will have to be found, but that that is a mere matter of detail. It is always a matter of detail to hon. members on the Labour benches; they have not to find the money, but only to suggest ways of spending it.
What does the hon. member propose?
I have a suggestion which I will submit to the House, if the hon. member will have patience. First of all, let us find out what such a scheme is costing in other countries, and I think the nearest example we can find where such a scheme has been adopted, and is in successful operation, is Australia. [An Hon. Member: “What about Holland?”] Australia is much more closely related to us in its economic conditions than Holland, and I am going to give the House information as to what has happened in Australia. I find that for the financial year 1921-’22, the cost of old-age pensions in Australia amounted to £5,290,000, and the number of pensioners was 144,115. That is for a population of 5,430,000. The age limit in Australia is 65 years, that is, after 65 years you are entitled to draw an old-age pension, subject to proof of what your income is. The rate of the pension there goes up to £39 per year, with the proviso that the total income of the person drawing the pension shall not exceed £65 per year, including the pension drawn. That is to say, the income from private sources together with the pension shall not exceed £65. Up to three years ago it cost Australia £1 per head of population to provide old-age pensions. I see from the papers they propose to increase the pension, which will make the cost something like £7,000,000, or close on 30s. per head. In England the age limit is 70, and the maximum 10s. a week. The income of the applicant in England must not exceed £49 17s. 6d., and the cost for the year 1921-’22 amounted to £26,000,000, the number of pensioners being 1,029,000. We see from these instances what would happen in this country if we had a scheme such as they have in Australia. In Australia one person out of every 38 draws an old-age pension, but in South Africa we have more aged poor than they have in Australia. In Australia they are not cursed with the poor white problem, as we are in this country, and we must recognize quite frankly that if we introduce an old-age pension scheme into this country our proportion of applicants would be much higher than in Australia. It would be fair to say that it would not be less than one in 33, that is 3 per cent. I am now dealing with the white population. For a white population of 1,600,000 at this rate we would have 48,000 persons in receipt of old-age pensions. The average old-age pension paid in Australia and New Zealand is between £35 and £40 per year, in England it is something like £25 or £26 a year. With the higher cost of living in this country, and, adopting the same basis, it would not be possible to pay our old people pensions of less than £40 per year, which is a sufficiently low figure to take. If we have 48,000 old-age pensioners, and they each draw £40 a year, the cost to the State would be £1,920,000 per annum. That is only for the white population. I should have liked the hon. member who moved this motion to indicate whether this scheme is to be confined to the white population only? Personally, I fail to see that benefits of this description could be restricted to one class of the community only. A scheme of this sort surely must be made to apply to all sections of the community in South Africa. With the white population alone the cost would be £1,920,000 to pay a pension of £40 per year. I admit that these are very rough estimates, no better than an intelligent guess. The cost, then, would approximately be £2,000,000 for the white people; but suppose we paid an old-age pension to the native and coloured people? As an estimate I will say that another £1,000,000 would have to be added to the cost for the coloured and native population. So if we face facts squarely, and are frank with ourselves and with the people, we will realize that we cannot launch in South Africa an adequate old-age pensions scheme unless we are prepared to face an expenditure of at least £3,000,000. One cannot, with a wave of the hand, like the hon. member for Langlaagte (Mr. Christie), say that this is a matter of detail which the Minister of Finance will adjust quite satisfactorily. We do not make ends meet at the present time, and I say this is a scheme which we should not embark upon without the fullest enquiry and knowledge. Our pensions bill at the present time, both for war and ordinary pensions, is £1,795,000. If we are going to tack on to that another £3,000,000 for old-age pensions, our pensions bill will not be short of £5,000,000 a year, which is more than we collect from the whole Union in income tax. Unless we are prepared then to say we will raise £3,000,000 by extra taxation, we should not be prepared to encourage hopes that this scheme will ultimately be adopted. As I have said before, I am one of those who feel very strongly in this matter, and I am not going to allow myself to be discouraged by these figures. I would be prepared to vote to-morrow an extra 6d. in the £ on income tax to finance a scheme of this sort. It is I think, only fair that those who earn big incomes and are paying income tax should see that the aged poor in South Africa do not starve. The hon. member for East London (Mr. Stewart) in introducing this motion, which he did in a very fair way, said he thought the best method of dealing with the problem was through a Select Committee. What is to be the function of this Select Committee when appointed? It has only two points to enquire into: the age at which pensions should be granted and the scale of such pensions. We want a great deal more information than that. We want information as to what discrimination is to be made between the white and the coloured, and the scale to be laid down for the white, the coloured and the native; what is to be the financial cost and many other details. We were told by the right hon. the Minister of Finance, in reply to an hon. member some time ago, that a high official of his department has been appointed to make enquiries into the matter. The matter cannot rest there, as we cannot be satisfied with any enquiry made by an official. There should be an early enquiry into the matter by a commission. I do not think a Select Committee of the House is suitable to deal with a matter of this sort. A Select Committee is suitable to make enquiries into facts as they exist at the moment, but is not suitable for thinking out and framing an elaborate financial scheme. I do not think a Select Committee, to give an example, could frame a national insurance scheme. Such a proposition as an old-age pension scheme must be formulated by a commission appointed for that purpose. I hope the particular enquiries now in progress will be carried through with every expedition, and that the Government will bring the commission into being at an early date. While having all friendliness towards the motion, I beg to move as an amendment—
Why not place the matter first before the Select Committee?
I am afraid the amendment is out of order. The hon. member requests the Government to appoint a commission and that entails expense. Why not insert the words “to consider the advisability”?
I shall have pleasure in doing so, so that the motion will read—
seconded.
This matter has been before the House on several occasions. As far as I know, it came on first in 1922, and was debated, and we expressed our view in regard to it. In 1923, a question was put by the hon. member for Pietersburg (Mr. Naudé), and a reply was given that the necessary preliminary enquiries were being made in order to provide the necessary material for a commission to work upon. We asked the head of the Pensions Department to make these enquiries, and make no mistake, a great deal of enquiries will have to be made into the matter before a commission is appointed. He made some progress, but said he was overwhelmed with the current work of his department, and suggested we should appoint somebody else to do the work. I myself at once saw to the appointment, and seconded for this particular duty one of the most competent of our officials, Mr. Collie, and he has got together a great deal of material which is absolutely necessary before a workable scheme can be prepared. Hon. members will see that we must have a great deal of data to go on with. In England it took 20 years before they settled the question. There were five or six Royal Commissions and Select Committees before they could arrive at a settlement, and these covered a period of something like 20 years. I do not suggest we need have to wait as long as that, but we must have some definite information before us. I do not think that the appointment of a Select Committee, which the hon. member for East London (Mr. Stewart) proposed, with the best motives, would settle this matter. I think it would be absolutely preposterous to start investigations. Without any disrespect to Select Committees, I do not think one could get any Select Committee to approach the subject without the proper material. They would have to take into consideration the conditions in England—and it should be remembered that conditions in England are different from the conditions here—they have not a population of blacks and whites. In Australia and New Zealand, one must also enquire into the position there. There are other important points one has to consider. There is the question, the very important question, as to what the ultimate cost will be. We must find out what this scheme will cost. That is a very important point, but there is another important point, and that is the relative question of longevity as compared with other countries. When they started in England, they made the pensionable age 70, but ultimately they may have to come down to 65. I take it that our longevity is lower than in European countries. All these things one has to ascertain; what is being done in other countries, and be able to say: “Here are the facts with regard to what is being done in the rest of the world.” I reject entirely the idea of having a Select Committee to sit on this, because it is not the sort of body that can deal with it. To begin with, we will probably only have two months more of Parliamentary time, and a matter of this kind cannot be thrashed out satisfactorily by a Select Committee in such a short time. We propose that as soon as this officer—who is eminently competent to investigate this matter and report upon it—gives us a report to refer it to a commission. His report will be laid on the Table of the House, as I told the hon. member for Pietermaritzburg (North) (Mr. Strachan) when he asked me a question, and I thought he was satisfied with our bona fide intention to do that. The work is going on every day, but it necessitates correspondence overseas. It may be necessary to carry on correspondence not only with England, but with other countries on the Continent and overseas in other directions. As soon as we have the report I propose to lay it on the Table, and the Government will then carry out the promises given in the answer, not merely by myself to the hon. member for Pietermaritzburg (North) (Mr. Strachan), but by the right hon. the Prime Minister last year. When this Parliamentary information, which is most necessary to such an enquiry is ready, we will appoint a commission to go into the question of what has been recommended. I hope that Mr. Collie will be able to give us an interim report during the session, as he expects to do. We must bear in mind always that perhaps our most serious difficulty will be the consideration of the scope of these pensions. The hon. member for Bezuidenhout (Mr. Blackwell) asked the question whether the native and coloured races in this country were to be included. I do not suppose anybody will be found to maintain that the same scale of pension should be given to the native as to the European. But I do not suppose anybody, I hope nobody will be found, to maintain on the other hand, that the native and coloured people of this country are to be entirely excluded. We must bear these things in mind. These are not entirely visionary difficulties; these are the actual difficulties staring us in the face, and we have to deal with them justly and fairly to all concerned. This is perhaps our principle difficulty. I do not think I can say more fairly to the House what our position is. There are these investigations, not being carried on as a blind to deceive the House, but started on my instructions by the head of the Pensions Department. When he indicated to us that he was so busy and could not do the work properly, we seconded for this special work this very competent officer, who is engaged on it. He hopes to make an interim report this session, but, at all events, whenever his report is received, it will be referred to a commission for enquiry, and report to Parliament on the whole subject. That being so, I hope the hon. member for East London (Mr. Stewart) as he must surely see that the project of having a Select Committee to dash into this question without all these figures, facts and data, which it must have before it, is impossible, and that he will accept our bona fides in this matter and will withdraw his motion. I am satisfied what has been moved by the hon. member for Bezuidenhout (Mr. Blackwell). The Select Committee is not really practical business; we are going to do the other thing as soon as we have the information for that purpose.
Ek is bly dat die edelagbare die Minister vanmiddag aan die Huis meegedeel het, dat die intensie van die Regering is om ouderdoms-pensioene in te stel, maar daar is ’n ou spreekwoord wat sê: “So lank die gras groei, vrek die perd”. Dit is werkelik die geval met hierdie saak. Ons wat in die stede woon, sien dit maar elke dag, die diepe ellende van die ou mense. Gewoonlik soek die ou mense hulle toevlug in die groot stede en daar sien jy die ou mense van 70 of 80 jaar, Wat niks het om van te lewe nie, hulle loop byna nakend rond en in baie gevalle is die kinders te arm om iets vir hulle te kan doen. Dàarom is ek baie bly dat die edelagbare die Minister van Finansies bereid is om ’n ondersoek in die saak te laat doen en ek hoop dat die Huis stappe sal neem om in ernstige gevalle dadelik iets te kan doen. Die edele lid vir Bezuidenhout (de hr. Blackwell) het gepraat van die koste. Ek denk dat daar niemand in die Huis sal wees wat wil dat alle mense pensioen sal kry nie. Ek denk dat die pensioen net betaal sal word aan mense wat in grote nood verkeer. Daar is baie wat kinders het wat in staat is om vir hulle te sorge, en daar is andere wat nog iets besit, al is dit nie genoeg om van te lewe nie. Die groot doel—glo ek—is om die arme mense wat niks het om van te lewe nie, te help.
Ek hoop, dat my vriend die edele lid vir Oost Londen (de hr. Stewart) sy voorstel sal terug trek en die amendement aanneem van die edele lid vir Bezuidenhout (de hr. Blackwell). Ek is een van die wat baie sterk ten gunste vani die mosie is, maar ek dink ook dat ’n Selekt Komitee maar in ’n moeilike posiesie sal wees by die instel van die ondersoek. Ek het net ’n bietjie met die edele lid vir Oost Londen (de hr. Stewart) gepraat en ek dink dat hy bereid is om die voorstel terug te trek. Ons voel allemaal dat daar baie moeilikhede is by ’n ondersoek van ’n dergelyke ding. Ek weet dat daar omtrent 48,000 ou mense is. Volgens die laaste sensus word die getal aangegee vir mense wat bô die 65 is. Dit kan wees dat so’n kommissie sal aanbeveel dat alle die mense bô die 65 moet pensioene kry. In die geval is ek dit eens met die edele lid vir Bezuidenhout (de hr. Blackwell) dat dit ons ’n goeie £2,000,000 per jaar gaan kos. Maar ek dink, dat ons nie die hele pad moet gaan nie. Daar is maar net ’n sekere deel van die ou mense wat pensioen nodig het. Dan het ons die kwessie van die naturelle. Dis waar, dat hulle ook in aanmerking geneem moet word, maar wat ons verlopig wil is, dat die beginsel in die Huis aangeneem word deur ’n mosie van die aard, dat die kwessie ondersoek sal word deur so’n kommissie. Die kommissie rapporteer en ons kan dan die moeilikhede bespreek, sien in welke rigting ons moet gaan en hoe ver ons dit wil uitbrei. As ons al die moeilikhede nou gaan bespreek, dan sal ons om ses uur nog daaroor praat en niks verder kom nie. Ek hoop dat die Huis die edelagbare die Minister se voorstel sal aanneem en dat die edele lid vir Oost Londen (de hr. Stewart) bereid sal wees om die amendement van die lid vir Bezuidenhout (de hr. Blackwell) aan te neem.
Die kwessie, wat ons vandag voor ons het, namelik die voorstel van die edele lid vir Oost Londen (de hr. Stewart) om ’n ouderdomspensioenfonds te stig, is ’n baie ernstige kwessie. Ek weet nie of die toestand hier in die Kaap en in andere dele van die land so ernstig is as in die Transvaal nie. Ons het in die Transvaal die ou voortrekkers en die ou mense, wat baie opofferings gemaak het om die land bewoonbaar te maak, bet later deur die moeilikhede wat gekom het, deur oorloë ens, in so’n armoede gekom, dat die stomme mense nie weet waarvan hulle moet lewe nie. Ek sal baie bly wees as die edelagbare die Minister die voorstel hier voor die Huis in konsiderasie neem en as die Regering stappe sal neem om te sien of daardie mense wat hulle verdienstelik gemaak het vir die land nie met pensioene gehelp kan word nie. Ek wil nie in die algemeen op die saak ingaan nie. Ek spreek vandag vir die blanke bevolking van, die Transvaal en ek dink aan die moeilikhede waarin hulle verkeer. Dis nie nodig vir my om die Regeringsmanne daar aan die oorkant die toestande duidelik te maak nie. Hulle ken die toestande van die Transvaal self. Voornamelik as jy kom in Pretoria en jy sien daar die ou mense van 70 jaar wat aan die paaie en die parke moet werk en jy sien dan dat hulle dan nog nie genoeg verdien om van te lewe nie, dat hulle rondloop sleg gekleed, dan voel jy dat die Regering en dat ons in die saak skuldig staan teenoor die mense. Daarom kan ons die voorstel maar nie so so verby laat gaan nie en op die lange baan skuif nie. Daar moet dadelik gehandel word oor die saak om die mense te red. Ons het hier die ander dag bespreek, dat mense wat na die Regering gaan vir hulp hulle stemreg verloor. Dit sal nie nodig wees vir die mense om hulle stem te verloor as hulle so’n pensioen kry nie, want dan hoef hulle nie na die Regering te gaan om £1 per week of per maand ondersteuning te kry nie. Die mense wat hulle verdienstelik gemaak het vir die land het reg op die pensioene, dis nie ’n goedgunstigheid nie wat hulle bewys word. Ek wil nie baie oor die saaak praat nie want ek wil laat ons tot ’n besluit kom vóór 6 uur. Ek hoop, dat die Regering die saak baie ernstig sal oorweeg, ek vra dit nie alleen aan die edelagbare die Minister nie, maar aan die hele Regering.
Ek is ’n bietjie verbaas om te sien hoe die edele lede vanmiddag hier in die Huis praat. Vandat ons bymekaar gekom het, het ons byna niks anders gehoor, as van die benarde toestand waarin die land is wat die finansies betref en dat daar behoor besuinig te word en waar die Regering wil besuinig, daar word hy beskuldig van die onderwys en die Prowinsiale Rade en ek weet nie wat al, te wil dood maak. En vandag het ons te doen met ’n kwessie wat seker groot somme geld sal kos en hier word nou gepraat asof dit ’n heel eenvoudige saak is en dat die beginsel moet aangeneem word. Ek hoop, dat edele lede sal dink voordat hulle stem en dat hulle in geen geval die beginsel sal aanneem nie. Ek dink, dat wat pensioene betref, ons al baie ver gegaan het in die land. Ons het die Pensioen Wet vir siviele amptenare aangeneem, ons betaal oorlogs pensioene en ons moet versigtig wees, want anders sal daar naderhand baie min mense wees wat geen pensioen trek nie. En wie sal dit betaal? Die edele lid vir Oost Londen (de hr. Stewart) het by sy inleiding gesê: “We are pledged to it. It is part of our programme.” Dit kan ’n mens ver staan. Hulle is verplig om voor enigiets te stem wat geld uit die Staatskas bring in die kas van die kiesers, maar hulle bekommer hulle nie daaroor waar die geld vandaan kom nie. Dis net maar ’n “pledge,” maar hulle dink nie aan die belasting betaler nie. Die houding van die edele lid vir Pretoria Distrikt (Zuid) (Gen. Muller) het my darem ’n bietjie verwonderd en ek had nie verwag nie dat hy die sienswyse had nie, want hy is bekend met die omstandighede van die land en hy weet, dat as geld nodig is, dan moet dit kom uit die belasting betaler se sak en hy weet dat die al baie swaar kry. En hier moet ons ’n splinternuwe idee aanneem en dan word gesê, dat daar korrespondensie met Engeland en ander lande gevoer is om uit te vind wat daar gedaan word. Dit is waar ons so dikwels verkeerd gaan, om te sien wat ander lande doen en dan agter hulle aan te gaan. Omstandighede in ander lande is heeltemaal anders. Ons weet dat die deel van ons bevolking wat belasting betaal, baie kleiner is as in ander lande. Ons het hier ’n groot gekleurde bevolking en ’n groot naturelle bevolking en dit het reeds geblyk uit die toesprake van die ondersteuners van die voorstel, dat hulle absoluut nie sien, hoe ons die uit kan laat nie. Hier in Suid-Afrika het ons ’n goeie gewoonte onder naturelle, gekleurdes en blanke en dat is, dat wanneer daar iemand oud is en nie genoegsaam bymekaar het gekry gedurende sy lewe om van te kan lewe nie, dat hy dan gehelp word deur sy kinders en familie betrekkinge. Ek dink, dit strek die bewoners van Suid-Afrika tot eer. Ons weet by ondervinding hoe die naturel vir sy ouers wil sorge en hoe die familie betrekkinge help. Ons vind dit ook by die gekleurdes en by die blanke in Suid-Afrika. Wil ons nou die beginsel gaan ophef? Dan is dit seker, dat die familie betrekkinge die verantwoordelikheid van hulle sal afwerp op die nek van die Regering en dit sal groot kwaad doen, dink ek, om mense onverskillig te maak. Hulle verdien tamelike salarisse, maar sal alles spandeer, omdat hulle as hulle oud is ouderdoms pensioen sal kry. Ons hoor nou nog altoos, dat mense iets terug lê vir die ou dag. Dit gaan ons ook heeltemaal wegneem. Ek hoop, dat edele lede sal dink vóór hulle stem. Hulle sal vind, dat as die Kommissie van Ondersoek eenmaal aangestel is, dan gaan dit in die eerste plaats die land baie geld kos, want dis ’n moeilike saak en dit sal veel tyd neem om die saak te ondersoek, en as hulle eenmaal met die rapport kom en met aanbevelinge vir ouderdoms pensioene, dan sal ons in sekere mate daaraan vas sit. Ek hoop edele lede sal nie vir die voorstel stem nie.
Ek wens net ’n paar woorde oor die onderwerp te sê. Dit spyt my dat ek nie met die edele lid vir Colesberg (de hr. Louw) kan saam gaan nie. Ek dink dat die tyd werkelik gekom het vir Suid Afrika om die saak sy ernstige aandag te gee. Ons het uit ervaring en uit die geskiedenis geleer, dat geen land behoorlik sorg kan dra en die ophoping van arm blankes, soos ons die vandag het, kan voorkom, tensy daar behoorlike voorsieninge gemaak is vir pensioene vir ou mense. Ons sien, dat die arm blanke in die land meer en meer toeneem. As ons Duitsland tot voorbeeld neem, soos dit vóór die oorlog was, dan sien ons dat daar bedelary iets totaal onbekends was. Armblankedom was net so onbekend en dit was voornaamlik te danke aan die deeglike siesteem wat geheers het van assuransie en pensioene. Ons sal die hele probleem moet aanpak as een geheel. Dan sal b.v. die beswaar van die edele lid vir Colesberg (de hr. Louw) dat mens sal moet betaal vir verkwisters, wegval, want ook hulle moet dan van jongs af bydraag tot die fonds om voorsiening te maak vir die ouderdoms pensioene, so nie vir sigself nie, dan vir andere. En wat aan Duitsland die gesonde sosiale lewe gegee het was, dat hulle daardie goeie sisteen van armesorg gehad het. As in die cog gehou word hoe die omstandigheid in Engeland werkelik die behoefte laat ontstaan het, sodat hulle daartoe gedryf werd; want ’n paar jaar gelede het hulle die duitse stelsel in sy kern oorgeneem, met die nodige wysiginge om by hulle omstandighede aan te pas. Hulle het gevind dat dit onmolik was om op die ou stelsel voort te gaan. Die ou sisteem was feitelik, dat die arme die “paupers” oorgelaat werd aan die sorg van die verskillende “counties” en stede; hulle moes voorsiening maak en vandaar dikwels die ellendige toestand, die so opgehoopt was dat reeds 20 jaar gelede daarvoor voorsiening behoort gemaak gewees te het. Eers werd heftig geprotesteer daarteen dat die werk uit die hande van die stede geneem werd wat in Duitsland reeds lang deur die Staat gedoen werd. Hier gee ons feitelik reeds pensioen onder ’n lokale stelsel, maar geen wetstelsel nie en hoewel dit nie erken word nie, gee ons feitelik reeds pensioen aan oue van dage en gebreklike. Ga b.v. na die magistrate en mens sal vind hoeveel in elke distrik 10s. of £1 per maand kry. Vroeger was dit £1 10s., maar dit is verminderd. En dit is nie al nie; ons het op die Begroting byna £1,000,000 van jaar tot jaar, nie alles vir ou mense nie, maar tog die grootste deel vir “relief,” wat op verskillende maniere gegee word. Dan is dit veel beter dat ons toesien dat die saak op ’n gesonde basis geplaas word, en na degelike ondersoek ’n wet passeer die voorsiening sal maak in die behoefte aan pensioen vir oue van dage en andere, en wel voorsiening op sodanige basis dat die gevaar voorkom word, wat die edele lid vir Colesberg (de hr. Louw) siet, wanneer eenvoudig geseg word, as jy eendag oud is en nooit op jou persoon ’n beroep gedaan is toe jy nog kon bydra nie, dat jy darem pensioen kan kry. Ek wil ewewel nie lank oor die saak praat nie. Ons kan nie by die ou sisteem bly staan nie toe die Regering enkel geroepe was om die persoon en eigendom van die bewoners te beskerm, maar nou is ’n Regering geroepe om ingrypend op te tree en verskillende belange van die maatskappy self te regel en daar die Staat dit te doen het, kan dit nie so bly, dat iedereen vir sigself sorg en verder sien dat hy klaarkom nie. Ek hoop dat die amendement van die edele lid vir Bezuidenhout (de hr. Blackwell), as m.i. die meest wenselike, sal aangeneem word. Ek sien nie dat ons veel sal uitrig met ’n Selekt Komitee, maar veeleer moet daar ’n kommissie kom, die verder degelik op die saak kan ingaan en rapport uitbreng. Ek sal die amendement steun en so nodig ook die ander voorstelle in die gees.
The hon. member for Bezuidenhout (Mr. Blackwell) must not take unto himself the credit for being the only hon. member of this House who has taken the trouble to go into the various facts and figures in connection with an old age pension scheme. I have here almost identically the same figures as quoted by the hon. member for Bezuidenhout (Mr. Blackwell). The channels from which the hon. member got his information are open to every other hon. member of the House. One has only to turn to the Journal of the Parliaments of the Empire to hand, to find how the old age pension scheme in Australia has progressed, and that the recent amending Bill introduced into the Commonwealth Parliament, now an Act, largely increases the amounts of old age pensions in Australia. The whole of the information put forward by the hon. member can be acquired by every other member. His speech reminds me very much of the leader-writers of the daily press. In the first part of their leaders they usually build up a fine case, and in the second part they do their very utmost to knock it down. That is exactly what the hon. member for Bezuidenhout (Mr. Blackwell) has done. If he was a member of the Select Committee on Pensions, he would have to listen to some cases which are heart-breaking in the extreme. I entirely agree with the hon. member for East London (Mr. Stewart) that the question of old age pensions, and the care of the poor and aged in this country, is no longer a question for the kind ladies and gentlemen of benevolent societies. The providing of old age pensions is a national obligation, and we are in the back-wash of progress in that respect. We spend time in this House discussing local option and votes for women, but we have a question here brought forward by the hon. member for East London (Mr. Stewart) of more importance to the people of South Africa than any of the matters mentioned. The hon. member for Bezuidenhout (Mr. Blackwell) rises to great heights when talking about liquor option, but he is not prepared to give his entire blessing to a scheme for old age pensions. I take it that the hon. member for East London (Mr. Stewart) is satisfied with the progress made by the Government in connection with an old age pension scheme. The trouble is, that it has been all right as far as it has gone, but it has not gone far enough. The idea of bringing forward a motion this afternoon, such as this, is in order to see if the Government can be pressed further in that direction, in which we wish them to go. Two years ago, in 1922, the hon. member for Wonderboom (Mr. Pienaar) introduced a similar motion to the one now before the House, and if my memory serves me correctly, the right hon. the Prime Minister was instrumental in getting the hon. member for Wonderboom (Mr. Pienaar), to change his motion from a Select Committee to a commission of enquiry. The motion was then accepted by the right hon. the Prime Minister, on behalf of the Government. We find the position to-day is, that investigations into this matter are being carried on by the Pensions Department, and that a great deal of information has been gathered, but more data are still to foe obtained and co-ordinated. Owing to the inability of the pensions officials, by reason of pressure on their time for other purposes, the Government has now specially detailed a suitable and competent officer to carry on this particular work, to the exclusion of other duties. As soon as this officer, who is regarded as the commissioner, not a commission of enquiry, as accepted by the right hon. the Prime Minister, makes his report, it will be laid on the Table of the House for the information of members. If the right hon. the Prime Minister, or any other responsible Minister, will tell the hon. member for East London (Mr. Stewart) when this House is likely to receive this report, it will go a long way to satisfy myself, and, I have no doubt, the hon. member for East London (Mr. Stewart) as well.
We did tell the hon. member.
I do hope that the right hon. the Prime Minister will give the House some assurance when the commissioner is likely to complete his report—“Hope deferred maketh the heart sick”—and so give some hope to the aged poor people of South Africa, that in the near future there will be a possibility of this House instituting and carrying out an old age pension scheme.
Ek dink dat die edele lid vir Colesberg (de hr. Louw) nie die hele mosie kan opponeer nie, want ons sien dat byna in alle andere lande ou mense pensioen fondse bestaan, terwyl die in ons land neg nie bestaan nie. En ek glo dat dit in ons land net so nodig, of nog meer noodsakelik is as in enige ander land. Dit is waar dat ons nie blindweg kan gaan en miljoene kan gaan spandeer nie, soos die edele lid vir Bezuidenhout (de hr. Blackwell) dit voorgestel het. Hy het van een klein dingetjie ’n baie grote ding gemaak. Maar laat ons in beginsel dit aanneem, dit moet ons doen, ons is geroepe om ’n begin in die saak te maak. Dis werkelik hartverskeurend wanneer jy ou mense sien op die platte land, sowel as in die stede wat byna vergaan van honger. Dan sien jy dat ’t jou plig is om in die saak iets te doen, al sou ons een bietjie ekstra belasting betaal. Maar plig bly plig. Die mense wat jong is is verplig om vir die ou mense te sorg. Ons kan onmoontlik die ou mense aan hulle self oorlaat en laat vergaan van honger. Die edele lid vir Colesberg (de hr. Louw) het gesê dat ons reeds baie betaal vandaag. ’n Kleinigheid word betaal deur die Prowinsiale Rade, maar ons kan tog niet verwag dat die Prowinsiale Rade vandaag meer betaal nie. Hulle kan al nie vir die onderwys sorg nie en ons kan tog nie die ou mense ook nog ten laste van die Prowinsiale Rade laat kom nie. Ons is so geneig om in ons land dinge oor te erf van andere lande, en as jong land graag op te volg wat ouere lande doen. Ek denk daarom dat ons vandaag die beginsel nie kan opponeer nie. Die edele lid vir Colesberg (de hr. Louw) opponeer dit en vergeet helemaal dat die beginsel deur die Regering aangeneem is. Die edelagbare die Minister van Finansies het ’n ondersoek belowe, maar hy praat van 20 jaar. Dit maak my so moedeloos om te denk dat dit nog 20 jaar kan duur voor ons tot die uitvoering daarvan kan kom. Dis tog onmoontlik. Nee, ons moet dadelik stappe neem, ons kan die ou mense nie laat vergaan van ellende nie, ons moet iets doen om te red, al doen ons dit in die begin maar op kleine skaal, al betaal ons in die begin maar ’n kleine bedrag. Daar is vandaag gepraat van al die ou mense in die land. Maar dis nie almaal arm mense nie. Die meeste kan goed lewe en ons moet maar net iets betaal aan die mense wat niks het om van te lewe nie en daarmee moet ons nou ’n begin maak. ’n Pragtige voorbeeld is aangehaal deur die edele lid vir Smithfield (Gen. Hertzog), dit is die voorbeeld van Duitsland met betrekking tot pensioene. Ons moet begin ’n sekere siesteem te skep en die siesteem opwerk. Dis nie nodig vir ons om nou op al die besonderhede in te gaan nie, maar die Regering moet kom met ’n skema, waarby die mense wat in die grootste nood is, nou gehelp sal word. Ek dink daar kan geen Afrikaner wees wat daarteen kan wees nie. Die edele lid vir Colesberg (de hr. Louw) weet seker nie wat armoede beteken nie. Uit sy uitsprake blyk, dat hy niks van armoede afweet nie, maar ek sê, dat dit hartverskeurend is om dit te sien. Ons kan nie toelaat, dat die saak op die lange baan geskuiwe word nie. Die edelagbare die Minister van Finansies het gepraat van 20 jaar, waarby hy die voorbeeld van andere lande aangehaal het. Dit laat die omstandighede van die land nie toe nie. Ons moet dadelik begin, al is dit op kleine skaal, en ek dink nie dat die be lastingbetalers van die land daarteen sal skop, dat ’n paar honderdduisend pond op die manier gespandeer word nie om die ou mense te help.
I beg to move—
seconded.
Motion put, and negatived.
I should like to say in reply that this is a very important matter to a large section of the people of this country. The reason I did not quote figures is because figures, if not correct, are very misleading. The hon. member for Bezuidenhout (Mr. Blackwell) quoted figures, but of what value were his figures? None. He did not take into account that 20 per cent. of our population are employed by the Government, quite another 5 per cent. by municipal and banking corporations, all of whom receive pensions from these authorities. So at once his figures, as far as numbers of persons likely to be affected by old-age pensions, are valueless. This is the very reason I desire the appointment of a Select Committee; it is only by doing this that you are going to be able to get reliable data to place before this House. Figures, unless accurate, lead you nowhere. Two years ago the hon. member for Wonderboom (Mr. Pienaar) moved that a commission be appointed. The Prime Minister asked the hon. member to withdraw his motion, stating that the Government would like all necessary steps to get all the necessary information and go into the question of an old-age pension scheme fully. The hon. the Minister of Finance has stated that the Government, as soon as practicable, will appoint a Commission, and all the information in the Government’s possession will be placed on the Table of the House this session. I am prepared to accept the hon. the Minister’s statement, and, with leave, I beg to withdraw my motion.
I withdraw my amendment.
Original motion and amendment, with leave, withdrawn.
The House adjourned at